Effect of One Session of Resistance Training with and without Blood Flow Restriction on Serum Levels of Creatine Kinase and Lactate Dehydrogenase in Female Athletes

Abstract

Introduction: Intense exercise may cause immunological changes and muscle damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of one session of resistance training with and without blood flow restriction on serum levels of creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in female athletes. Materials and Methods: In this semiexperimental study, 30 female basketball players were randomly divided into a traditional resistance training group (without blood flow restriction), a resistance training group (with blood flow restriction) and a control group. Blood samples were taken before the first session and 30 minutes after the last training session. T-test and one-way analysis of variance were used for evaluation of within group and between group differences, respectively. All statistical analyses were performed in SPSS (version 23) at significance level of 0.05. Results: Serum level of CK increased significantly in all group, while serum LDH increased significantly only in the experimental groups when compared with pre-test levels (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in serum levels of CK and LDH between the experimental groups and the control group. Conclusions: Resistance training with blood flow restriction and highintensity resistance training without blood flow restriction have similar effects on markers of muscle damage.

Effect of a 6-Week Preseason Training Protocol on Physiological and Muscle Damage Markers in High-Level Female and Male Basketball Players

“…These markers displayed a similar increase after the preseason period for both teams, and confirmed an aftereffect muscle damage in the participants [55]. This finding comes in agreement with the study of Khajehlandi and Janbozorgi [41], that demonstrated a similar increase in CK and LDH enzymes in female basketball athletes after only a single session of exercise. Finally, no significant correlations were found between the examined markers and the position (center, forward, guard) or the basic characteristics (age, height, weight) among athletes.…”

“…Increased muscle mass and elevated levels of testosterone have been previously correlated with elevated CK levels [24,38], which may explain why male athletes appeared to have higher CK and LDH activities compared to females [39]. Also, CK and LDH levels were significantly higher after the preseason period for both of the teams, a finding that comes in agreement with previous studies that demonstrated a significant increase in CK and LDH levels after 2 h of high-intensity basketball training (208.41%), or after a single resistance training unit (6-12%) [40,41]. Significant increases have been also observed after an official basketball match (~125-160%) [16,42], or during a competitive basketball season [43,44].…”

Acute Hemodynamic, Metabolic, and Hormonal Responses to a Boxing Exergame with and without Blood Flow Restriction in Non-Athlete Young Individuals

“…Hormonal analyses revealed significant GH and normetanephrine differences pre- and post-exergame in both groups, though no between-group differences emerged for GH or normetanephrine, with BFR groups showing minor increases. Exercise enhances sympathetic nervous system activity, upregulating catecholamine release, and thus stimulating GH secretion [ 15 ]. Increases in GH levels after a low-intensity training session with BFR have been shown to elevate threefold over the baseline in a cohort of college-aged females [ 58 ].…”

“…Using short-term Fourier transform time-frequency analysis, recent investigations have shown that HRV decreases following moderate to high-intensity exercise [14]. In addition, recent data suggest that peak lactate accumulation is higher immediately post-exercise under BFR conditions [15]. Considering the anabolic effects of lactate, it is possible to improve muscle hypertrophy using BFR compared with exercise alone [16].…”

Efeito agudo do treinamento de força com restrição de fluxo sanguí­neo sobre demanda metabólica de lactato em jovens futebolistas

“…Contudo, os resultados da inferência baseada na magnitude, análise mais sensível que os modelos estatísticos matemáticos convencionais, e capaz de aplicar maior efeito prático/clínico [31,32] apontam que há muito provavelmente maior eficácia no GRF. Esses resultados corroboram outros estudos, que compararam magnitude de demanda fisiológica a partir das concentrações de La-em exercícios com e sem restrição de fluxo sanguíneo [33,34]. Achados estes que vão de encontro aos de Yasuda et al [35], que observaram vantagem para treinamento de alta intensidade para obter maior demanda metabólica.…”