Effect of oestrogen and progesterone on the blood flow in the lower urinary tract of the rabbit

Batra, Satish; Bjellin, L.; Iosif, Serafim; Mårtensson, Lars-Göran; Sjögren, Christer

doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1985.tb07577.x

Cited by 40 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…18,19 In addition, estrogens have been shown to enhance genital sensation and maintain blood flow. 15,[20][21][22] While androgens have been shown to enhance sexual interest, genital sensation, orgasmic responses and sexual satisfaction, it remains unclear how androgens modulate genital tissue physiology. [23][24][25][26] The vaginal wall consists of three distinct layersthe mucosa, the muscularis and the adventitia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ovariectomy and steroid hormones on vaginal smooth muscle contractility

et al. 2004

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The role of steroid hormones in regulating vaginal smooth muscle contractility was investigated. Rabbits were kept intact or ovariectomized. After 2 weeks, animals were continuously infused with vehicle or supraphysiological levels of testosterone (100 lg/day), or estradiol (200 lg/day), for an additional 2 weeks. The distal vaginal tissue was used to assess contractility in organ baths and changes in tissue structure were assessed by histology. Ovariectomized animals infused with vehicle exhibited significant atrophy of the muscularis and decreased epithelial height, resulting in thinning of the vaginal wall. Estradiol infusion increased epithelial height, comparable to that of intact animals, but only partially restored the muscularis layer. In contrast, testosterone infusion completely restored the muscularis layer, but only partially restored the epithelial height. In vaginal tissue strips contracted with norepinephrine and treated with bretylium, electrical field stimulation (EFS) caused frequency-dependent relaxation that was slightly attenuated with vehicle, significantly inhibited with estradiol and significantly enhanced with testosterone. VIP-induced relaxation was slightly attenuated in tissues from vehicle and estradiol-infused groups, but was enhanced in tissues from testosterone-infused animals. Contraction elicited by EFS or exogenous norepinephrine was not significantly altered with ovariectomy or steroid hormone infusion when data were normalized to potassium contraction. However, the tissue from testosterone-infused animals developed significantly greater contractile force to norepinephrine. These observations suggest that steroid hormones may be important regulators of vaginal tissue structure and contractility.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ovariectomy and steroid hormones on vaginal smooth muscle contractility

et al. 2004

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“…Estrogens are known to stimulate growth, blood flow, and water retention in sexual organs (Jenner et al 1972;Batra et al 1985). There, and in the lower urinary tract, ER ␣ and ER ␤ have been described in testis, prostate, and efferent ducts (Bodker et al 1999;Makela et al 2000;Salmi et al 2001).…”

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confidence: 99%

Expression of Estrogen Receptors in Human Corpus Cavernosum and Male Urethra

Dietrich

Haitel

Huber

et al. 2004

J Histochem Cytochem.

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S U M M A R Y Estrogen, largely produced in testis and adrenal gland, may play important roles in male reproduction. Most of the effects of estrogens are mediated by binding of estrogen to one or both of the two estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes ␣ and ␤ . Recently, they have been described in testis, prostate, and efferent ducts, mostly in rodents. The goal of this study was to prove the evidence of ERs in human corpus cavernosum and male urethra, exploring the protein expression of these receptors by immunohistochemistry. Corpus cavernosum and corpus spongiosum smooth muscle was immunoreactive for the androgen receptor (AR), ER ␣ , and strongly for ER ␤ . Endothelial cells were negative for AR, sporadically positive for ER ␣ , and positive for ER ␤ . Urethral epithelium showed strong nuclear expression of AR, predominantly in the basal cell layer, and nuclear expression of ER ␣ in the intermediate cells. ER ␤ was highly expressed in almost all urethral nuclei and, much more weakly, in cytoplasm. Progesterone receptor (PGR) was negative in all cases and all tissues. These results represent the first report that ER ␣ and particularly ER ␤ are regularly expressed in human penile tissue.

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“…However, evidence of clinical efficacy is lacking. Oestrogens increase the number and responsiveness of α-adrenergic receptors to sympathetic stimulation [25,47], and increase blood flow to the urethral tissues [48]. They stimulate cellular proliferation and improve the maturation index of urethral epithelium [49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urodynamic investigation by telemetry in Beagle dogs: validation and effects of oral administration of current urological drugs: a pilot study

2013

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BackgroundVesico-urethral function may be evaluated in humans and dogs by conventional urodynamic testing (cystometry and urethral pressure profilometry) or by electromyography. These techniques are performed under general anaesthesia in dogs. However, anaesthesia can depress bladder and urethral pressures and inhibit the micturition reflex. The primary objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the use of telemetry for urodynamic investigation in dogs. We also aimed to determine the applicability of telemetry to toxicologic studies by assessing the repeatability of telemetric recordings.ResultsConventional diuresis cystometry was performed in six continent adult female Beagle dogs prior to surgical implantation of telemetric and electromyographic devices. In the first phase of the telemetric study, continuous recordings were performed over 8 days and nights. Abdominal, intravesical and detrusor threshold pressures (Pdet th), voided volume (Vv), urethral smooth muscle electrical activity and involuntary detrusor contractions (IDC) were measured during the bladder filling phase and during micturition episodes.Vv recorded during telemetry was significantly lower than bladder volume obtained by diuresis cystometry. Repeatability of telemetric measurements was greater for observations recorded at night. IDC frequency and Pdet th were both lower and Vv was higher at night compared to values recorded during daytime.In the second phase of the telemetric study, phenylpropanolamine, oestriol, bethanechol, oxybutynin or duloxetine were administered orally for 15 days. For each drug, continuous recordings were performed overnight for 12 hours on days 0, 1, 8 and 15. Electromyographic urethral activity was significantly increased 8 days after oestriol or duloxetine administration. No significant changes in bladder function were observed at any time point.ConclusionsIn dogs, the high repeatability of nocturnal telemetric recordings indicates that this technique could provide more informative results for urologic research. Urethral smooth muscle electrical activity appears to be modified by administration of drugs with urethral tropism. In this pilot telemetric study, bladder function was not affected by oral administration of urological drugs at their recommended clinical dosages. Experimental studies, (pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic) and clinical studies are warranted to further define the effects of these drugs on vesico-urethral function in dogs.

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Effect of oestrogen and progesterone on the blood flow in the lower urinary tract of the rabbit

Cited by 40 publications

References 12 publications

Effects of ovariectomy and steroid hormones on vaginal smooth muscle contractility

Effects of ovariectomy and steroid hormones on vaginal smooth muscle contractility

Expression of Estrogen Receptors in Human Corpus Cavernosum and Male Urethra

Urodynamic investigation by telemetry in Beagle dogs: validation and effects of oral administration of current urological drugs: a pilot study

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