Effect of Obesity on Serum Prostate-Specific Antigen in Nigerian Men

Ikuerowo, Stephen Odunayo; Omisanjo, Olufunmilade Akinfolarin; Bioku, Muftau Jimoh; Ajala, M O; Esho, Julius O.

doi:10.1159/000337171

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Some studies conducted in Nigeria showed no correlation between anthropometrics and PCa or PSA (Ugwumba, Okoh, Echetabu, Udeh, & Nnabugwu, ). Similar findings asserted that overweight and obesity were common among healthy Nigerian men, but was not associated with serum total PSA levels, PCa or BPH development (Ikuerowo, Omisanjo, Bioku, Ajala, & Esho, ). Others found BPH volume to correlate with age but not anthropometrics, and therefore, anthropometrics was not a risk factor in developing BPH (Badmus et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Oxidised low‐density lipoprotein, a possible distinguishing lipid profile biomolecule between prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia

et al. 2019

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Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) share common conditions such as lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and dyslipidaemia. Whether an extensive lipid profile analysis could discriminate between BPH and PCa was the objective. Thirty‐six (36) BPH and twenty (20) PCa outpatients of a urology clinic plus forty (40) controls without LUTS, but normal PSA, were recruited. Body mass index (BMI), lipid profile (total cholesterol [CHOL], triglycerides [TG], high‐density lipoprotein [HDL], very‐low‐density lipoprotein [VLDL], low‐density lipoprotein [LDL] and Castelli's risk index I [CR I] [TC/HDL]), oxidised LDL, apolipoprotein E, ceramide and PSA were determined. Mean ages for BPH, PCa and control were 69 ± 13, 67 ± 10 and 53 ± 7 years respectively. Most parameters apart from BMI and HDL were significantly different compared to the control group. oxLDL for BPH versus control, PCa versus control and BPH versus PCa was significant (p < 0.001, p = 0.02 and p < 0.001 respectively). Ceramide showed significant group differences. Between BPH and PCa, total cholesterol, LDL and Apo E were significantly different (p = 0.00, p = 0.01 and p = 0.03 respectively). Apo E could potentially be a discriminating biomarker. Receiver operating characteristic curves for TPSA, Apo E and oxLDL demonstrated sensitivity of 69.44 and specificity of 88.24 for oxLDL, hence more discriminatory.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Oxidised low‐density lipoprotein, a possible distinguishing lipid profile biomolecule between prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia

et al. 2019

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“…Of the 34 studies providing information on the association between BMI (as a continuous variable) and PSA [25,27,28,, 15 studies (42%) could not be included in the meta-analysis due to insufficient data but were included in an albatross plot [131][132][133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140][141][142][143][144][145]. All included studies are detailed Fig.…”

Section: Continuous Bmimentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the associations between body mass index, prostate cancer, advanced prostate cancer, and prostate-specific antigen

Harrison

Tilling

Turner

et al. 2020

Cancer Causes Control

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Purpose The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and prostate cancer remains unclear. However, there is an inverse association between BMI and prostate-specific antigen (PSA), used for prostate cancer screening. We conducted this review to estimate the associations between BMI and (1) prostate cancer, (2) advanced prostate cancer, and (3) PSA. Methods We searched PubMed and Embase for studies until 02 October 2017 and obtained individual participant data from four studies. In total, 78 studies were identified for the association between BMI and prostate cancer, 21 for BMI and advanced prostate cancer, and 35 for BMI and PSA. We performed random-effects meta-analysis of linear associations of log-PSA and prostate cancer with BMI and, to examine potential non-linearity, of associations between categories of BMI and each outcome. Results In the meta-analyses with continuous BMI, a 5 kg/m 2 increase in BMI was associated with a percentage change in PSA of − 5.88% (95% CI − 6.87 to − 4.87). Using BMI categories, compared to normal weight men the PSA levels of overweight men were 3.43% lower (95% CI − 5.57 to − 1.23), and obese men were 12.9% lower (95% CI − 15.2 to − 10.7). Prostate cancer and advanced prostate cancer analyses showed little or no evidence associations. Conclusion There is little or no evidence of an association between BMI and risk of prostate cancer or advanced prostate cancer, and strong evidence of an inverse and non-linear association between BMI and PSA. The association between BMI and prostate cancer is likely biased if missed diagnoses are not considered.

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“…Serum PSA tests using chemiluminescence immunoassay (Beckman Coulter Access 2) were carried out on blood samples drawn from the participants before DRE as previously described. [ 21 ] The same method was used for PSA measurements for all the participants. The serum PSA measurement was carried out in the same laboratory of General Hospital, Lagos.…”

Section: Ethodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-specific serum prostate specific antigen ranges among apparently healthy Nigerian men without clinical evidence of prostate cancer

et al. 2016

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Introduction:Serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels increase with age and varies among different races and communities. The study was aimed at defining the age-specific reference ranges of serum PSA in our environment.Methods:We evaluated the relationship between age and serum PSA levels and the age-specific reference ranges of serum PSA among civil servants in Lagos, who underwent routine medical checkups. Criteria for inclusion were men who have no lower urinary tract symptoms, normal digital rectal examination and serum PSA ≤ 20 ng/ml. SPSS Statistic 21 was used for data evaluation and the mean, median, 95th percentile PSA levels were estimated. Pearson's correlation was used to examine the relationship, and P < 0.05 was considered significant.Results:4032 men met the criteria for inclusion in the evaluation. The mean age was 51.6 (range 40–70) years, and there was a strong correlation between serum PSA levels and age (r = 0.097, P < 0.001). PSA ranges of 0–2.5, >2.5–4.0, >4.0–10, and >10 ng/ml were found in 3218 (80%), 481 (12%), 284 (7%), and 52 (1%) men, respectively. The mean, median and the 95th percentile PSA for the overall group were 1.84, 1.33, and 5.2 ng/ml respectively. However the 95th percentile PSA levels for men aged 40–49, 50–59, and 60–70 years were 4.78, 5.47, and 8.93 ng/ml respectively.Conclusion:The age-specific PSA levels among Nigerian men for each age group is higher than what was described for men in the Western world. These reference ranges of serum PSA should be considered for men aged ≥40 years in our environment.

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Effect of Obesity on Serum Prostate-Specific Antigen in Nigerian Men

Cited by 7 publications

References 67 publications

Oxidised low‐density lipoprotein, a possible distinguishing lipid profile biomolecule between prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia

Oxidised low‐density lipoprotein, a possible distinguishing lipid profile biomolecule between prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the associations between body mass index, prostate cancer, advanced prostate cancer, and prostate-specific antigen

Age-specific serum prostate specific antigen ranges among apparently healthy Nigerian men without clinical evidence of prostate cancer

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