Effect of non-soy legume consumption on inflammation and serum adiponectin levels among first-degree relatives of patients with diabetes: A randomized, crossover study

Benefits of pulse consumption on metabolism and health: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials

“…Similarly, the consumption of pulses (4 servings/week) within a hypocaloric diet, resulted in a specific reduction in pro-inflammatory markers, such as CRP and C3, among other clinically relevant improvements, in overweight/obese subjects, in some cases independently from weight loss (Hermsdorff et al 2011). Identical results regarding CRP were obtained by another publication (Saraf-Bank et al 2015), studying first-degree relatives of patients with diabetes, following a 6-week legume-enriched diet.…”

“…75.00 ± 1.79 mmHg; p ¼ 0.07) (Saraf-Bank et al 2015. However, the legume-rich diet was able to significantly reduce CRP level compared to the habitual diet, namely, À4.86 ± 1.86% versus 3.55 ± 1.97% (p ¼ 0.002).…”

“…Still, concerns arise in relation to the ability to isolate the effect of pulse consumption from possible confounding factors (e.g. overall dietary intake, physical activity or weight status), particularly amongst trials that are performed within more free-living conditions (Pittaway, Robertson, and Ball 2008;Winham, Hutchins, and Johnston 2007;Hartman et al 2010;Zhang et al 2010;Hermsdorff et al 2011;Jenkins et al 2012;Abeysekara et al 2012;Alizadeh, Gharaaghaji, and Gargari 2014;Hosseinpour-Niazi, Mirmiran, Fallah-Ghohroudi, et al 2015;Saraf-Bank et al 2015;Safaeiyan et al 2015;Hosseinpour-Niazi, Mirmiran, Hedayati, et al 2015;Saraf-Bank et al 2016). However, lesscontrolled approaches may strengthen the external validity of results, since they would be more similar to everyday living conditions (Abeysekara et al 2012).…”

“…Only 3 of the 20 reviewed papers focused on the metabolic effect of specific grain legumes (Pittaway, Robertson, and Ball 2008;Winham, Hutchins, and Johnston 2007;Fernando et al 2010), whereas the other 17 studies (85.0%) tested the simultaneous effect of different types of pulses. However, trial diets differed significantly between studies and generally ranged within the following groups: controlled diets with meals provided by the research team (n ¼ 3; 15.0%) (Duane 1997;Hartman et al 2010;Zhang et al 2010); usual diets plus pulses provided by the research team (n ¼ 5; 25.0%) (Winham, Hutchins, and Johnston 2007;Pittaway, Robertson, and Ball 2008;Fernando et al 2010;Trinidad et al 2010;Abeysekara et al 2012); prescription of specific healthy dietary guidelines plus pulses provided by the research team (n ¼ 2; 10.0%) (Saraf-Bank et al 2015; prescription of energy restricted (n ¼ 5; 25.0%) (Crujeiras et al 2007;Abete, Parra, and Martinez 2009;Hermsdorff et al 2011;Alizadeh, Gharaaghaji, and Gargari 2014;Safaeiyan et al 2015) or nutrient modified (n ¼ 1; 5.0%) (Tonstad, Malik, and Haddad 2014) diets including pulses; prescription of specific healthy dietary guidelines including pulses (n ¼ 3; 15.0%) (Venn et al 2010;Hosseinpour-Niazi, Mirmiran, Fallah-Ghohroudi, et al 2015;Hosseinpour-Niazi, Mirmiran, Hedayati, et al 2015); prescription of pulse intake target plus add libitum diets (n ¼ 1; 5.0%) (Jenkins et al 2012).…”

Effects of dietary pulse consumption on body weight: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

“…Six studies were influential study outliers in that their removal altered the magnitude of the pooled effect in the remaining studies by .10% (25,33,36,(40)(41)(42). In addition, the removal of the studies of Jenkins et al (33) and Saraf-Bank et al (40) Although our main analysis showed no evidence of heterogeneity, the lower power of heterogeneity tests conveyed that important subgroup effects may have been missed despite no statistical evidence of heterogeneity.…”