Effects of dietary pulse consumption on body weight: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Abstract

Background: Obesity is a risk factor for developing several diseases, and although dietary pulses (nonoil seeds of legumes such as beans, lentils, chickpeas, and dry peas) are well positioned to aid in weight control, the effects of dietary pulses on weight loss are unclear. Objective: We summarized and quantified the effects of dietary pulse consumption on body weight, waist circumference, and body fat by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Design: We searched the databases MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library through 11 May 2015 for randomized controlled trials of $3 wk of duration that compared the effects of diets containing whole dietary pulses with those of comparator diets without a dietary pulse intervention. Study quality was assessed by means of the Heyland Methodologic Quality Score, and risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Data were pooled with the use of generic inverse-variance random-effects models. Results: Findings from 21 trials (n = 940 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled analysis showed an overall significant weight reduction of 20.34 kg (95% CI: 20.63, 20.04 kg; P = 0.03) in diets containing dietary pulses (median intake of 132 g/d or w1 serving/d) compared with diets without a dietary pulse intervention over a median duration of 6 wk. Significant weight loss was observed in matched negative-energy-balance (weight loss) diets (P = 0.02) and in neutral-energy-balance (weightmaintaining) diets (P = 0.03), and there was low evidence of between-study heterogeneity. Findings from 6 included trials also suggested that dietary pulse consumption may reduce body fat percentage. Conclusions: The inclusion of dietary pulses in a diet may be a beneficial weight-loss strategy because it leads to a modest weight-loss effect even when diets are not intended to be calorically restricted. Future studies are needed to determine the effects of dietary pulses on long-term weight-loss sustainability. This protocol was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01594567.Am J Clin Nutr 2016;103:1213-23.

Pulse Crop Effects on Gut Microbial Populations, Intestinal Function, and Adiposity in a Mouse Model of Diet-Induced Obesity

“…However, recognition of the importance of dietary fiber for human health and well-being has never risen to the establishment of fiber as an essential nutrient. Nonetheless, a recommended level of dietary fiber has been proposed (14 g/1000 kcal) and many systematic reviews and meta-analyses support the health benefits associated with cohorts that meet or exceed this recommendation [8][9][10][11][12][13]. Unfortunately, the majority of individuals in developed countries such as the United States fail to meet the recommended level of intake for dietary fiber and the magnitude of the gap is large, an approximately 50-70% shortfall [6].…”

Asociación entre hábitos alimentarios e índice de masa corporal normal en soldados chilenos

“…Por otra parte, en el presente estudio, el consumo de legumbres también se asocia como un factor favorable en el IMC normal, en consonancia con una reciente revisión sistemática y metaanálisis que muestra una reducción global significativa de peso (-0,34kg; IC95%:-0,63 --0,04) en las dietas que contienen legumbres (ingesta media de 132g/día o aproximadamente 1porción/día), en comparación con dietas sin una intervención dietética 22 . Las legumbres pueden contribuir a la saciedad debido a varias propiedades fisiológicas, tales como alto contenido en fibra, proteínas y bajo índice glicémico.…”

Discovery of Intake Biomarkers of Lentils, Chickpeas, and White Beans by Untargeted LC–MS Metabolomics in Serum and Urine

“…Consumption of pulses has been associated with beneficial effects on human health. In fact, regular pulse consumption has been associated with lower body weight, [1] blood pressure, [2] , and LDL cholesterol, [3] as well as with an improvement in markers of glycemic control. [4] In recent years the promotion of their consumption has been prioritized by a wide range of public and private stakeholders culminating in the declaration of the year 2016 as the International Year of Pulses by the General Assembly of the United Nations, which was coordinated by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.…”