Effect of Nitrogen Inhibitors on Nitrous Oxide Emissions and Pasture Growth After an Autumn Application in Volcanic Soil

Vistoso, Erika; Alfaro, Marta; Saggar, Surinder; Salazar, Francisco

doi:10.4067/s0718-58392012000100021

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Results suggest that the larger potential for NH 4 + adsorption could have caused the observed delay in nitrification, and so there would be less NO 3 -available to be lost by leaching and denitrification, as previously reported in field conditions Vistoso et al 2012). The Andisols were also shown to have a greater potential to retain NO 3 -compared with the Ultisol, which agrees with the lower leaching rates found in the former.…”

Section: Daysupporting

confidence: 85%

Potential mineralization and nitrification in volcanic grassland soils in Chile

Cardenas

Hatch

Scholefield

et al. 2013

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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A proportion of the nitrogen (N) applied to grasslands as organic or inorganic fertilizers can be lost to water courses as nitrate and to the atmosphere as nitrous and nitric oxides. Volcanic soils from Chile are not generally prone to leaching, possibly due to net immobilization of nitrate and/or ammonium, and/or due to inhibition of nitrification by either chemical or physical processes. In laboratory studies we found large mineralization potentials in soils from three different Chilean soils after 17 weeks of incubation, totalling 215 and 254 mg kg -1 dry soil for two Andisols and 127 mg kg -1 dry soil in an Ultisol. Nitrification occurred after a short period, and was lowest in the Ultisol. In addition, microbial analysis showed nitrifiers to be present in all three soils. Adsorption of ammonium was two-fold stronger than for nitrate, ranging from 29 to 180 kg N ha ), but was similar in both Andisols (193 and 172 kg N ha -1 , respectively). The combination of ammonium retention together with delayed nitrification could account for the low leaching rates in these soils.

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Section: Daysupporting

confidence: 85%

Potential mineralization and nitrification in volcanic grassland soils in Chile

Cardenas

Hatch

Scholefield

et al. 2013

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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“…Measured NO 3 -N leaching losses (10-90 kg/ha.year; Núñez et al 2010;Salazar et al 2012a) and N 2 O-N emissions (<0.2 kg/ ha.year; Vistoso et al 2012) are comparable to, or slightly lower than, those of similar systems in other regions of the world. The relatively low N losses may be related to the physicochemical characteristics of the volcanic soils and the relatively young age of the pastures, which tend to adsorb nitrate and accumulate organic N, respectively.…”

Section: Chilementioning

confidence: 80%

Intensification of grassland and forage use: driving forces and constraints

Oenema

Klein

Alfaro³

2014

Crop Pasture Sci.

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Abstract. The increasing demand for safe and nutritional dairy and beef products in a globalising world, together with the needs to increase resource use efficiency and to protect biodiversity, provide strong incentives for intensification of grassland and forage use. This paper addresses the question: 'Does intensification of grassland and forage use lead to efficient, profitable and sustainable ecosystems?' We present some notions about intensification of agricultural production, and then discuss the intensification of grassland-based dairy production in The Netherlands, Chile and New Zealand. Finally, we arrive at some conclusions.External driving forces and the need to economise (the law of the optimum) provide strong incentives for intensification, that is, for increasing the output per unit surface area and labour. The three country cases illustrate that intensification of grassland use is a global phenomenon, with winners and losers. Winners are farmers who are able to achieve a high return on investments. Losers are small farmers who drop out of the business unless they broaden their income base. The relationship between intensification and environmental impact is complex. Within certain ranges, intensification leads to increased emissions of nutrients and greenhouse gases to air and use of water per unit surface area, but to decreased emissions when expressed per unit of product. The sustainability of a grassland-based ecosystem is ultimately defined by the societal appreciation of that system and by biophysical and socioeconomic constraints.In conclusion, intensification may lead to more efficient and profitable and, thereby, more sustainable grassland ecosystems. This holds especially for those systems that are currently not sustainable because they are either underutilised and of low productivity or over-exploited and unregulated, and as long as the adapted systems meet societal and ecological constraints.

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“…For this analysis, treatments with nitrification inhibitors were excluded (see Methods). (Abalos et al, 2012(Abalos et al, , 2013(Abalos et al, , 2014Huérfano et al, 2015;López-Fernández et al, 2007;Maris et al, 2015aMaris et al, , 2015bMeijide et al, 2007Meijide et al, , 2009Plaza-Bonilla et al, 2014;Sánchez-Martín et al, 2008, 2010a, 2010bSanz-Cobena et al, 2012, 2014aTellez-Rio et al, 2015;Vallejo et al, 2005Vallejo et al, , 2006Vallejo et al, , 2014) (Alluvione et al, 2010;Bosco et al, 2015;Castaldi et al, 2011;Pappa et al, unpublished data;Ranucci et al, 2011;Rees et al, 2013;Vitale et al, 2013) (Heller et al, 2010Kontopoulou et al, 2015, unpublished data;Pappa et al, 2016;Pereira et al, 2013) Australia Australia (Barton et al, , 2013 California USA Simmonds et al, 2015;Suddick and Six, 2013;Townsend-Small et al, 2011;Verhoeven and Six, 2014;Zhu-Barker et al, 2015) Chile Chile Vistoso et al, 2012) Missing data. Many studies in our dataset (approx.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil pHs ranged from 4.8 in a rice experimental station field site in California (Simmonds et al, 2015) to 8.5 in a cereal crop in north-eastern Spain (Plaza-Bonilla et al, 2014), with most soils having a neutral to alkaline pH (in 83% of the cases, pH>7). The concentration of organic C in soils ranged from 4 g C kg -1 soil in a Typic Haplargids in California to 133 g C kg -1 soil in an Andisol in Chile (Vistoso et al, 2012), and the average soil organic C concentration was 15.9 g C kg -1 soil. EFs did not significantly differ among soils with low (EF: 0.56, N=59), medium (EF: 0.51, N=94) or high (EF: 0.37, N=5) organic C concentrations.…”

Section: Influence Of Soil Characteristics On Efmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct nitrous oxide emissions in Mediterranean climate cropping systems: Emission factors based on a meta-analysis of available measurement data

Cayuela

Aguilera

Sanz-Cobeña

et al. 2017

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

212

115

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Many recent reviews and meta-analyses of N2O emissions do not include data from Mediterranean studies. In this paper we present a meta-analysis of the N2O emissions from Mediterranean cropping systems, and propose a more robust and reliable regional emission factor (EF) for N2O, distinguishing the effects of water management, crop type, and fertilizer management. The average overall EF for Mediterranean agriculture (EFMed) is 0.5%, which is substantially lower than the IPCC default value of 1%. Soil properties had no significant effect on EFs for N2O. Increasing the nitrogen fertilizer rate led to higher EFs; when N was applied at rates greater than 400 kg N ha-1, the EF did not significantly differ from the 1% default value (EF: 0.82%). Liquid slurries led to emissions that did not significantly differ from 1%; the other fertilizer types were lower than 1% but did not significantly differ from each other. Rain-fed crops in Mediterranean regions have lower EFs (EF: 0.27%) than irrigated crops (EF: 0.63%). Drip irrigation systems (EF: 0.51%) had 44% lower EF than sprinkler irrigation methods (EF: 0.91%). Extensive crops, such as winter cereals (wheat, oat and barley), had lower EFs (EF: 0.26%) than intensive crops such as maize (EF: 0.83%). For flooded rice, the inundated environment favored anaerobic conditions leading to complete denitrification and low EFs (EF: 0.19%). Our results indicate that N2O emissions from Mediterranean agriculture are overestimated in current national greenhouse gas inventories and that, with the new EF determined from this study, the effect of mitigation strategies such as drip irrigation or the use of nitrification inhibitors, even if highly significant, may be smaller in absolute terms.

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Effect of Nitrogen Inhibitors on Nitrous Oxide Emissions and Pasture Growth After an Autumn Application in Volcanic Soil

Cited by 24 publications

References 23 publications

Potential mineralization and nitrification in volcanic grassland soils in Chile

Potential mineralization and nitrification in volcanic grassland soils in Chile

Intensification of grassland and forage use: driving forces and constraints

Direct nitrous oxide emissions in Mediterranean climate cropping systems: Emission factors based on a meta-analysis of available measurement data

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