Effect of nitrogen fertilization level applied to tomato on the greenhouse whitefly

Jauset, A. M.; Sarasúa, M. J.; Avilla, J.; Albajes, R.

doi:10.1016/s0261-2194(00)00016-8

Cited by 49 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Moreover, an increase in number of eggs and nymphs were dose dependent (Tables 3, 4). These results are quite ns Non-significant * Significant at 0.05 level ** Significant at 0.01 level *** Significant at 0.001 level similar to earlier findings in which it was observed that increasing supply of nitrogen increased the population of whitefly (Blua and Toscano 1994;Jauset et al 1998Jauset et al , 2000Bi et al 2001Bi et al , 2003. From the results of the present study it is clear that the relationship between number of eggs and number of nymphs and days of infestation is almost sublinear.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Whitefly management includes the four cornerstones of integrated pest management (IPM): host plant resistance, biological control, chemical control, and cultural practices. Of these, whitefly management through cultural practices (manipulation of current or new components of the agroecosystem to reduce pest damage to non-economic levels) has gained a significant ground during past decade (Jauset et al 2000;Hilje et al 2001). Cultural practices to manage whitefly can be categorized as (1) avoidance in time or space, (2) behavioral manipulation of the insect, (3) host suitability, and (4) insect removal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulating infestation rate of white fly (Bemicia tabaci) on okra (Hibiscus esculentus L.) by nitrogen application

et al. 2010

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Pests are major factor affecting the crop yield, quality, and esthetic value. Although pest resistance is genetically controlled, it is mediated through physiological and biochemical processes interrelated with the nutritional status of the plant. Nutrition of plant may determine its resistance or susceptibility to pests. An experiment was conducted to determine whether and up to what extent varying concentrations of N modulate the infesting rate of whitefly on Okra (Hibiscus esculentus). Twenty-one-dayold okra plants were subjected to five concentrations of 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 mM N for 30 days. Number of eggs, nymph were counted on each plant after every 4 days. Growth and yield of okra plants increased with increasing supply of N but it decreased slightly at the highest level of N (20 mM). Leaf soluble proteins, amino acids, and soluble sugars were determined on fresh weight basis. From these results, it is clear that increasing N level increased the biosynthesis or accumulation of protein, free amino acid, and sugars that might have attracted more whitefly for feeding.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulating infestation rate of white fly (Bemicia tabaci) on okra (Hibiscus esculentus L.) by nitrogen application

et al. 2010

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“…(Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) and the cotton aphid Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae) are widely spread throughout the tropics and subtropics, damaging many crops including cotton. Although these species were recognized as cotton pests for a long time, just recently their status changed from occasional to frequent outbreak pests, probably due to changes on cotton production systems such as improved varieties with emphasis on yield, N fertilization, resistance to insecticides, among others (Ernst, 1996;Elbert & Nauen, 2000;Godfrey et al, 2000;Jauset et al, 2000). These species cause indirect and direct injuries by virus transmission and, depending on the duration of the infestation and insect population levels, cotton yield can be seriously endangered (Slosser et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of pymetrozine and thiamethoxam to Aphelinus gossypii and Delphastus pusillus

Torres

Silva-Torres

Oliveira

2003

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to study the toxicity of pymetrozine and thiamethoxam to the cotton aphid parasitoid Aphelinus gossypii Timberlake and to the whitefly predator Delphastus pusillus (LeConte). Cotton leaves containing mummies of the parasitoid A. gossypii were collected and treated with seven concentrations of both insecticides. Parasitoid emergence was not affected by pymetrozine and ranged from 59.9% to 75.0%, but decreased with the increase of thiamethoxam concentrations ranging from 30.2% to 69.6%. Cotton leaves infested by whitefly and treated with recommended rates of both insecticides were collected three hours, three days and six days after spraying and colonized with larvae and adults of D. pusillus. Predators released on thiamethoxamtreated leaves experienced mortality from 70% to 100%, while those released on pymetrozine-treated leaves showed mortality from 0% to 20%. Topical toxicity from both insecticides was studied on larvae, pupae and adults of D. pusillus. The survival of predator after six days of exposure to 400, 600 and 800 mg/L of pymetrozine a.i. was higher than 69.6%, and to 25, 100 and 200 mg/L of thiamethoxam a.i. was lower than 8.7%. The toxicity data for A. gossypii and D. pusillus characterize the pymetrozine as harmless for both species, and thiamethoxam of low to moderate toxicity for A. gossypii treated mummies, and high toxicity for D. pusillus.Index terms: Gossypium, infestation, parasitoids, insecticide selectivity. Toxicidade de pimetrozine e tiametoxam a Aphelinus gossypii e Delphastus pusillusResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a toxicidade de pimetrozine e tiametoxam ao parasitóide do pulgão-do-algodoeiro Aphelinus gossypii Timberlake e ao predador da mosca-branca Delphastus pusillus (LeConte). Folhas de algodoeiro contendo múmias do parasitóide A. gossypii foram coletadas e tratadas com sete concentrações de ambos inseticidas. A emergência do parasitóide não foi afetada pelo pimetrozine e variou de 59,9% a 75%, enquanto as múmias tratadas com tiametoxam produziram emergência de A. gossypii variando de 30,2% a 69,6%. Plantas infestadas por mosca-branca e tratadas com três concentrações recomendadas de ambos inseticidas foram coletadas três horas, três dias e seis dias após tratamento e colonizadas com larvas e adultos de D. pusillus. Os predadores liberados em folhas tratadas com tiametoxam apresentaram mortalidades de 70% a 100%, enquanto aqueles liberados em folhas tratadas com pimetrozine apresentaram mortalidade de 0% a 20%. Seis dias após tratamento tópico de larvas, pupas e adultos de D. pusillus com pimetrozine (i.a.) a 400, 600 e 800 mg/L, a população viva era acima de 69,6%, enquanto os tratados com tiametoxam (i.a.) a 25, 100 e 200 mg/L, apresentaram sobrevivência abaixo de 8,7%. O pimetrozine foi inócuo para A. gossypii e D. pusillus, e o tiametoxam mostrou toxicidade de baixa a moderada para múmias de A. gossypii e foi altamente tóxico a D. pusillus.Termos para indexação: Gossypium, infestação, parasitóide, seletividade de insetic...

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“…Nutrient supplementation to rice plants enhanced BPH fitness and increased starvation tolerance through the improvement of its biological and ecological parameters (Lu and Heong 2009). Nitrogen (N) is regarded as an indicator of plant quality (Lu et al 2007), and its limitation is widely studied for different insects. The herbivores on Nenriched plants showed higher survival rate (Prestidge 1982;Wier and Boethel 1995;Huberty and Denno 2006;Lu and Heong 2009) with bigger body sizes (Kaneshiro and Johnson 1996;Jauset et al 2000;Huberty and Denno 2006), shorter developmental time (Fischer and Fiedler 2000;Huberty and Denno 2006), fewer instars (Wier and Boethel 1995), and higher fecundity (Rashid et al 2016b). Nitrogen supplementation causes vigorous plant growth (Rashid et al 2016a) that may enhance ecological fitness potential of BPH through improvement of insect microecology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological fitness of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), to rice nutrient management

et al. 2017

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Introduction: The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), is a notorious insect pest of rice. Nutrient supplementation can alter plant biochemical compositions which may indirectly affect on ecological fitness parameters of its insect pest. However, few findings are available on nutrient-induced ecological fitness of BPH and relationship of BPH fitness parameters with its host rice plant biochemical contents. Methods: We studied the main and interaction effects of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) inputs on BPH fitness, as measured by the following variables: nymph survival, nymphal duration, adult body weight, and its survival. Brown planthopper fitness parameters were regressed as function of rice plant (Oryza sativa) biochemical composition. A completely randomized design with four replications in a factorial scheme was used considering N, P, and K levels as factors. Results: Nitrogen application to the host rice plants provided greater survival and enhanced body weight of BPH. The nymphal duration was found to decrease with N subsidy that caused shorter generation time of BPH. Nitrogenous compounds N and soluble protein (SP), total free sugar (TFS), and silicon (Si) content in rice plant tissue correlated strongly with all fitness traits of BPH. Nitrogen, SP, and TFS associated positively with BPH survival and body weight, while negatively with nymphal duration. In contrast, Si had negative correlation with BPH survival and body weight, but positive with nymphal duration. Phosphorus supplementation to host plant contributed to increase BPH body weight. Relationships of P with all parameters of BPH were weak except body weight which was highly significant and positive. Interaction between N and P inputs demonstrated significant effect on BPH body weight. Application of K had no significant effect on BPH survival and development. Regression analysis did not detect significant relationship of BPH fitness parameters with plant tissue content of K. Conclusions: The results suggest that BPH ecological fitness characters were improved after N and P fertilization to rice plants which are associated with biochemical content of rice plant. Therefore, N and P inputs should be used judiciously in rice cultivation to keep BPH ecological fitness potential at minimum level.

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Effect of nitrogen fertilization level applied to tomato on the greenhouse whitefly

Cited by 49 publications

References 19 publications

Modulating infestation rate of white fly (Bemicia tabaci) on okra (Hibiscus esculentus L.) by nitrogen application

Modulating infestation rate of white fly (Bemicia tabaci) on okra (Hibiscus esculentus L.) by nitrogen application

Toxicity of pymetrozine and thiamethoxam to Aphelinus gossypii and Delphastus pusillus

Ecological fitness of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), to rice nutrient management

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