Effect of nitrogen and sulphur nutrition on storage protein quality in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]

Abstract

Abstract:The relative availabilities of nitrogen and sulphur can modulate seed storage protein composition in grain legumes and cereals. Soybean contains two major seed storage proteins, glycinins and β-conglycinins that account for approximately 70% of total protein and their composition is affected by nitrogen and sulphur supplies. The present study demonstrated the effect of sulphur (Gypsum @ 20 kg S ha ) alone or in combination on accumulation patterns of various protein fractions and protein quality in soybean seeds under agro-climatic conditions of Punjab. Application of nitrogen or sulphur alone decreased the relative proportion of β-subunit of purified β-conglycinin fraction than control. The acidic polypeptides of glycinin fraction of globulin and 11S/7S ratio were increased in all the treatments in comparison to control, and the maximum increase was reported in the combined application of gypsum with the recommended dose of urea. The lower proportion of total 7S, increased acidic polypeptides and improved 11S:7S ratio by combined treatment of nitrogen and sulphur suggests that gypsum @ 20 kg S ha -1 can be beneficial when applied along the recommended nitrogen dose to improve soybean protein quality.

Climate–Nutrient–Crop Model: Novel Insights into Grain-Based Food Quality

“…Generally, the nitrogen-induced increase in gluten protein contents followed the order: HMW-GSs > LMW-GSs > α/β-gliadin > γ-gliadin > ω-gliadin . Additionally, the timing of fertilization influenced the glutenin/gliadin ratio and HMW-GS/LMW-GS ratio, which could be increased by late nitrogen application. , The positive effects of nitrogen supply on the protein content were also observed in zein (α-, β-, γ-, and δ-) proteins of maize and globulin, prolamin, and glutelin of rice and bean (soybean and mungbean). − Similar to nitrogen, sulfur supply significantly increased the protein content and composition in wheat and bean, , but its effects on protein subfractions were partially dose-dependent. Increases in both α/β-gliadin and glutenin/gliadin ratios were observed with the sulfur supply from 0 to 30 kg ha –1 , whereas the ratios decreased when the sulfur input increased from 30 to 50 kg ha –1 .…”

“…4,21 The positive effects of nitrogen supply on the protein content were also observed in zein (α-, β-, γ-, and δ-) proteins of maize 22 and globulin, prolamin, and glutelin of rice and bean (soybean and mungbean). 23−27 Similar to nitrogen, sulfur supply significantly increased the protein content and composition in wheat 28 and bean, 26,27 but its effects on protein subfractions were partially dosedependent. Increases in both α/β-gliadin and glutenin/gliadin ratios were observed with the sulfur supply from 0 to 30 kg ha −1 , whereas the ratios decreased when the sulfur input increased from 30 to 50 kg ha −1 .…”

Biochemical Markers in Genetic Investigations of Cultivated Crops: The Pros and Cons

“…Прежде всего еще раз отметим, что белки не относятся к первичным носителям генетической информации и представляют собой продукты транскрипции и трансляции кодирующих их генов. Помимо этого, полиморфизм белков, выявляемый одномерным электрофорезом, может быть подвержен как качественному, так и количественному изменению из-за воздействия на растения экологического стресса, обусловленного, например, недостатком элементов питания, что описано у ячменя (32), гороха (33), нута (34), сои (35), других культур (36, 37) (рис. 1) или сменой температуры воздуха (рис.…”