Effect of Nanoparticles on Lipid Peroxidation in Plants

Abstract

The size of the nanoparticles is between 1 and 100 nm. Nanoparticles are widely used in consumer and medical products, as well as in agricultural and industrial applications. The excessive use nanoparticles increases its release into the environment. Plants are an important part of the environment that is affected by nanoparticles. Studies have examined the effect of nanoparticles on plants. The results showed that high concentrations of nanoparticles showed a negative effect. Reactive oxygen species generation is a toxicological mechanism of nanoparticles in plants. When the production of radicals is greater than its removal, oxidative stress occurs. The key indicator of oxidative stress is lipid peroxidation. The unsaturated fatty acids in the cell membrane are a major target for radicals. Radical absorbs hydrogen from unsaturated fatty acids to form water. Therefore, the fatty acid has a non-coupled electron, which is then able to capture oxygen and form a peroxyl radical. Lipid peroxyl radical can lead to a chain of radical production. Enzymatic and nonenzymatic systems exist for the removal of radicals in plants. Enzymatic systems include catalase, guaiacol peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, and dehydroascorbate reductase. Nonenzymatic systems include ascorbate and carotenoids, glutathione, tocopherol, and phenolic compounds.

Fe–Mn nanocomposites doped graphene quantum dots alleviate salt stress of Triticum aestivum through osmolyte accumulation and antioxidant defense

“…Maintenance of cell membrane stability and integrity is a sign of stress tolerance 86 . Accumulation of ROS due to stress caused oxidation of unsaturated fatty acid (the major membrane lipids) which induces lipid peroxidation and membrane degradation 87 .…”

“…Maintenance of cell membrane stability and integrity is a sign of stress tolerance 86 . Accumulation of ROS due to stress caused oxidation of unsaturated fatty acid (the major membrane lipids) which induces lipid peroxidation and membrane degradation 87 . Malondialdehyde (MDA) content of seedlings acts as an indicator of the extent of lipid peroxidation in studies related to redox signaling and oxidative stresses, especially in experiments related to plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses 88 .…”

Copper Oxide Nanoparticles and Bulk Particles Stress Induced Cytological and Physiological Responses of Vicia Faba L.

“…Reduction in pigment content might be due to disruption of chloroplast membrane and disassembly of photosynthetic apparatus under oxidative stress. Our ndings of growth inhibition and pigment reduction MDA is a potential biomarker to assess the degree of ROS generated oxidative damage in the form of lipid peroxidation (Hashemi 2019). In our experiment, treated plants showed an increased level of MDA content.…”

“…Plants start accumulation of osmoprotectant as a physiological adaptation in response to abiotic stress. Proline is one of them accumulates under NPs and other metal stresses (Choudhary et al 2007;Hashemi 2019). Approximately two-fold accumulation of proline was recorded in treated plants in this study.…”

Inoculation of Triticum Aestivum L. (Poaceae) with Plant-Growth-Promoting Fungi Alleviates Plant Oxidative Stress and Enhances Phenanthrene Dissipation in Soil

“…The most negative effects of PAHs on plants are related to oxidative stress through reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can lead to oxidative damage to proteins, DNA, and lipids [19][20][21]. Thus, in order to cope with these ROS, plant cells have enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems [22][23][24]. PAHs produce oxidative stress in Arabidopsis thaliana plants, reducing root and shoot growth, producing chlorosis and late flowering, and forming necrotic lesions [25].…”