Effect Of Nano-Bioactive Glass On Flexural Strength And Antimicrobial Activity Of Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement Containing 58S Nano-Bioactive Glass

Abstract

Introduction: Bioactive glass (BAG) is increasingly used in dentistry, aiming to provide superior mechanical properties, optimal chemical stability, and favorable antimicrobial activity in the oral environment. This study aimed to measure the flexural strength (FS) and antimicrobial activity of resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) cement containing 58S nano-BAG. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, 0wt (Weight) %, 10wt%, 20wt%, and 30wt% 58S nano-BAG particles were added to RMGI powder in groups 1 to 4, respectively (n=10). Forty specimens were fabricated in metal molds (2 x 25 x 2 mm), and their FS was measured by using a three-point bending test at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The antibacterial activity of the materials against Streptococcus mutants was assessed by the disc diffusion test. In addition to the abovementioned experimental groups, one control group (n=10) containing 100% BAG was also considered. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test. Results: The mean (± standard deviation) FS was 38.71±8.84, 43.61±17.34, 45.62±15.89, and 54.71±14.25 MPa in groups 1 to 4, respectively. No significant difference was noted in FS among the groups (P=0.06). A significant difference was found in the diameter of the growth inhibition zone among the groups (P<0.05), and group 4 containing 30wt% BAG showed minimal bacterial growth. Conclusion: The addition of 10wt%, 20wt% and 30wt% nano-BAG to RMGI powder did not significantly change the FS but the addition of 30wt% nano-BAG to RMGI significantly inhibited the bacterial growth.