Effect of N-acetylcysteine on intimal hyperplasia and endothelial proliferation in rabbit carotid artery anastomosis

Abstract

IntroductionNeointimal hyperplasia due to smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation, as well as extracellular matrix accumulation, plays an important role in stenosis and restenosis that develop after reconstructive vascular interventions. Various agents are being tested to reduce neointimal hyperplasia and to prevent lumen stenosis. In the present study, the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on intimal hyperplasia and endothelial hyperplasia after carotid anastomosis was investigated in a rabbit model.Material and methodsIn the course of the study, rabbits were divided into two groups. The control group (n = 7) underwent right carotid artery anastomosis and received no medication. The NAC group (n = 7) underwent right carotid artery anastomosis and received NAC for 21 days following surgery. NAC was administered at a dose of 150 mg/kg/day just after the surgery. The carotid artery underwent anastomosis, and the histological examination findings of anastomosed and opposite non-anastomosed carotid arteries were compared in two experimental groups that either received NAC or did not.ResultsCompared with the control group, the reduction in the lumen area and diameter after anastomosis was significantly recovered in the NAC group (p = 0.018; p = 0.612). Increases in the intima and media areas and the intima/media ratio were smaller in the NAC group after anastomosis than in the control group, but the differences were not significant.ConclusionsWe believe that vascular anastomosis and post-intervention NAC administration will prolong vascular patency by reducing intimal hyperplasia and providing vascular remodeling.

The effect of bovine serum albumin-glutaraldehyde and polyethylene glycol polymer on neointimal hyperplasia in rabbit carotid artery anastomosis

“…As seen in the literature, the intima thickness, the media thickness, the I/M thickness ratio, the intima area, the media area, the I/M area ratio, the lumen diameter and the lumen area are the comparable variables for histological evaluation of neointimal hyperplasia. [23][24][25][26][27] We also used these histological measurements in our study. We found that intimal hyperplasia was significantly lower in the BSAglutaraldehyde and in the PEG polymer group compared to the Control group (p < 0,05).…”

Hepatoprotective Effects of N-acetylcysteine on Liver Injury by Irisin Upregulation and Oxidative Stress Reduction in Diabetic Rats

“…Sepsis, trauma, pancreatitis, acute myocardial infarction, tissue perfusion, and endogenous antioxidants are depleted. NAC plays a role in the defense mechanism by removing free radicals and replacing the depleted antioxidant glutathione (Bakker et al 1994;Kavala et al 2019). In addition, NAC was found to have a protective role in hypoxia-related cell injury of the liver (Heil et al 2018), ionizing radiation-induced liver failure (Mansour et al 2008), ischemic liver injury in rats (Kalimeris et al 2016), and toxic liver damage (Mendonça et al 2019).…”

The diagnostic value of circulating miR-532-5p in patients with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis and its predictive significance for the occurrence of cerebral ischaemic events

“…Carotid artery stenosis is triggered by the formation of plaque within the carotid artery, which supplies blood to the brain. Such atherosclerotic pathology can proceed silently from the simple thickening of the carotid intima-media to the symptomatic stenosis [ 17 ]. In later stages, plaques can mature and often become unstable, rupture, and lead to acute ischaemic events.…”