Effect of Micrometer-Scale Roughness of the Surface of Ti6Al4V Pedicle Screws in Vitro and in Vivo

Schwartz, Zvi; Raz, Perry; Zhao, Gang; Barak, Yael; Tauber, Michael E.; Yao, Hai; Boyan, Barbara D.

doi:10.2106/jbjs.g.00499

Cited by 140 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…The use of a pilot hole smaller than the internal diameter (core) of the screw promotes a radial displacement and impaction of cancellous bone by the core of the screw during its insertion, resulting in greater bone-screw contact and a larger area of bone inside the screw thread. There are limited reports on the histomorphometric analysis of the pedicle screw-bone interface; compression of the cancellous bone by the screw during its insertion is considered to increase its density and pullout strength, which is thought to explain the higher pullout strength observed in the conical pedicle screw [10,37] and pedicle screw implanted without tapping [10,34]. The holding power of cancellous screws inserted into a cadaveric femur through pilot holes smaller than those proposed by the manufacturer increased significantly the pullout strength.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most published studies concerning pedicle screw pullout strength have used autopsied bone [11,13,17] or synthetic materials [9,14,21], whereas living bone has rarely been evaluated [37]. In living bone, the holding power of the screw is related to the bone adjacent to the screw, which is the weakest element in the bone-screw component [36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of pilot hole on biomechanical and in vivo pedicle screw–bone interface

et al. 2013

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Purpose To experimentally study the influence of pilot hole diameter (smaller than or equal to the internal (core) diameter of the screw) on biomechanical (insertion torque and pullout strength) and histomorphometric parameters of screw-bone interface in the acute phase and 8 weeks after pedicle screw insertion. Methods Fifteen sheep were operated upon and pedicle screws inserted in the L1-L3 pedicles bilaterally. The pilot hole was smaller (2.0 mm) than the internal diameter (core) of the screw on the left side pedicle and equal (2.8 mm) to the internal diameter (core) of the screw on the right side pedicle. Ten animals were sacrificed immediately (five animals were assigned to pullout strength tests and five animals were used for histomorphometric bone-screw interface evaluation). Five animals were sacrificed 8 weeks after pedicle screw insertion for histomorphometric bonescrew interface evaluation. Results The insertion torque and pullout strength were significantly greater in pedicle screws inserted into pilot holes smaller than internal (core) diameter of the screw. Histomorphometric evaluation of bone-screw interface showed that the percentage of bone-implant contact, the area of bone inside the screw thread and the area of bone outside the screw thread were significantly higher for pilot holes smaller than the internal (core) diameter of the screw immediately after insertion and after 8 weeks. Conclusion A pilot diameter smaller than the internal (core) diameter of the screw improved the insertion torque and pullout strength immediately after screw insertion as well the pedicle screw-bone interface contact immediately and 8 weeks after screw placement in sheep with good bone mineral density.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pilot hole on biomechanical and in vivo pedicle screw–bone interface

et al. 2013

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“…Moreover, UV treatment might facilitate osseointegration and implant stability (18). Schwartz et al described the effect of surface roughness on human osteoblast-like cell behavior (19). When osteoblast-like cells were cultured on a grit-blasted titanium surface (Ra = 2.0-3.3 µm), levels of osteocalcin, transforming growth factor-β1, and osteoprotegerin secretion were higher than in cells cultured on a smooth surface (Ra = 0.2 µm) (19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schwartz et al described the effect of surface roughness on human osteoblast-like cell behavior (19). When osteoblast-like cells were cultured on a grit-blasted titanium surface (Ra = 2.0-3.3 µm), levels of osteocalcin, transforming growth factor-β1, and osteoprotegerin secretion were higher than in cells cultured on a smooth surface (Ra = 0.2 µm) (19). In addition, they noted that the torque required to remove titanium screws from bone was higher for a grit-blasted surface than a smooth surface (19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human osteoblast-like cell spreading and proliferation on Ti-6Al-7Nb surfaces of varying roughness

et al. 2011

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There have been a number of attemptsto modify the surface of dental implants to improve osseointegration. These modifications include alterations of surface chemistry and roughness. The purpose of this study was to examine the early response of human osteoblast-like cells placed on Ti-6Al-7Nb disks that had a similar grooved surface topography and three different levels of surface roughness (Ra = 0.0374, 0.0911, and 0.2435 µm). Cultures of human osteoblast-like cells revealed no significant difference in initial cell attachment among the various surfaces; however, cell spread was greater on rough surfaces than on glass slides and smoother surfaces. In addition, cell proliferation and Ki-67 expression were increased when cells were cultured on rough surfaces. These results suggest that a greater Ti-6Al-7Nb surface roughness support the initial spread and proliferation of human osteoblast-like cells. Thus, modification of the surface roughness of dental implants might hasten osseointegration. (J Oral Sci 53, 23-30, 2011)

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“…The surface types described here have been extensively used in orthopaedic implants with overall similar outcomes (Schwartz et al 2008). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteome analysis of human serum proteins adsorbed onto different titanium surfaces used in dental implants

Romero‐Gavilán¹,

Araújo‐Gomes²,

Ródenas³

et al. 2016

Biofouling

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Titanium dental implants are commonly used due to their biocompatibility and biochemical properties; blasted acid-etched Ti is used more frequently than smooth Ti surfaces. In this study, physicochemical characterisation revealed important differences in roughness, chemical composition and hydrophilicity, but no differences were found in cellular in vitro studies (proliferation and mineralization). On the other hand, the deposition of proteins onto the implant surface might affect in vivo osseointegration. To test that hypothesis, protein layers formed on both surface type discs after incubation with human serum were analysed.Using mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS), 139 proteins were identified, 31 of which were associated with bone metabolism. Interestingly, Apo E, antithrombin and protein C adsorbed mostly onto blasted and acid-etched Ti, whereas the proteins of the complement system (C3) were found predominantly on smooth Ti surfaces. These results suggest that physicochemical characteristics could be responsible for the differences observed in the adsorbed protein layer.

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Effect of Micrometer-Scale Roughness of the Surface of Ti6Al4V Pedicle Screws in Vitro and in Vivo

Cited by 140 publications

References 45 publications

Effect of pilot hole on biomechanical and in vivo pedicle screw–bone interface

Effect of pilot hole on biomechanical and in vivo pedicle screw–bone interface

Human osteoblast-like cell spreading and proliferation on Ti-6Al-7Nb surfaces of varying roughness

Proteome analysis of human serum proteins adsorbed onto different titanium surfaces used in dental implants

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