Effect of microcapsulated red phosphorus on flame retardant, thermal and mechanical properties of thermoplastic polyurethane composites filled with huntite&amp;hydromagnesite mineral

Savaş, Lemiye Atabek; Deniz, Tugba Kaya; Tayfun, Ümit; Doğan, Mehmet

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2016.12.001

Cited by 81 publications

(48 citation statements)

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“…Huntite‐hydromagnesite (HH), a naturally occurring mixed mineral, is mineral‐based flame retardant like aluminum hydroxide (ATH) and magnesium hydroxide (MH) . The flame retardant behavior of HH is studied in various polymers such as EVA, PP, polyethylene, ethylene propylene copolymer, vinyl ester resin, polyvinylchloride, and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) . The general flame retardant mechanism of HH resembles to those of ATH and MH .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23,24 The flame retardant behavior of HH is studied in various polymers such as EVA, [25][26][27][28][29][30][31] PP, 29 polyethylene, 32 ethylene propylene copolymer, 33 vinyl ester resin, 34 polyvinylchloride, 35 and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). 36,37 The general flame retardant mechanism of HH resembles to those of ATH and MH. 23,24,38 The decomposition enthalpy of HH (990 Jg −1 ) is lower than that of ATH (1300 Jg −1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of zinc borate on flame retardant and thermal properties of polyurethane elastomer composites containing huntite‐hydromagnesite mineral

2017

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Summary The effect of zinc borate (ZnB) was studied on the flame retardant and thermal properties of thermoplastic polyurethane containing huntite‐hydromagnesite. The flame retardant properties of thermoplastic polyurethane–based composites were investigated using limiting oxygen index, vertical burning test (UL 94), thermogravimetric analysis, and mass loss calorimeter. No remarkable effect of ZnB was observed on the flammability properties of composites. UL 94 rating did not change regardless of the added amount of ZnB, and the slight increase in limiting oxygen index value was observed at ratio of 1:1. The adjuvant effect of ZnB was observed during the mass loss calorimeter studies by increasing the barrier effect of the residue in the condensed phase and by increasing the formation of incombustible gasses in the gas phase. The highest fire performance was achieved at ratio of 1:1.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of zinc borate on flame retardant and thermal properties of polyurethane elastomer composites containing huntite‐hydromagnesite mineral

2017

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“…The results of thermogravimetric/Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy proved that FA could decrease the initial decomposition temperature for TPU composites and increase the release of CO 2 Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) is a polymer formed by the copolymerization of diisocyanate and polyol, which is an elastic material between rubber and plastic. 1 Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer has good prospects for development in daily life because of its superior performance, such as high wear resistance, high strength, high elasticity, and good hydrolysis stability. 2 However, as a combustible material, during the combustion process, TPU can produce a lot of smoke, heat, and poisonous gas, which easily cause the suffocation and even death of the personnel, and it has a serious droplet phenomenon, which limits its application in some fields.…”

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confidence: 99%

Thermal degradation and flame retardancy of fumaric acid in thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer

Wei

Chen

Jiao

2018

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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In this paper, fumaric acid (FA) which was a new type of environmental and low-cost flame retardant was applied for thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU). The flame-retardant properties of TPU were tested using limiting oxygen index, cone calorimeter test, smoke density test, and thermogravimetric/Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It has been proved that FA could improve the difficulty of the ignition of the sample; the limiting oxygen index value of the sample (FA-4) increased by 29.7% when 2.0 wt% FA was added to TPU. The cone calorimeter test showed that FA can greatly reduce heat release and smoke production during the combustion process of TPU composites. For example, compared with the pure TPU, the peak heat release rate and total smoke release of the sample (FA-4) with 2.0 wt% FA were decreased by 50.8% and 51.5% respectively. The results of smoke density test showed that the luminous flux of the samples contained 0.5 wt% FA was increased by 79.2% compared with the pure TPU. The TG results revealed that the sample of FA-4 had higher char residue content compared with the sample of TPU. The results of thermogravimetric/Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy proved that FA could decrease the initial decomposition temperature for TPU composites and increase the release of CO 2 and H 2 O. All results of test illustrated that FA had good flameretardant effect on TPU. KEYWORDS environmental, flame retardant, fumaric acid, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer 1 | INTRODUCTIONThermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) is a polymer formed by the copolymerization of diisocyanate and polyol, which is an elastic material between rubber and plastic. 1 Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer has good prospects for development in daily life because of its superior performance, such as high wear resistance, high strength, high elasticity, and good hydrolysis stability. 2 However, as a combustible material, during the combustion process, TPU can produce a lot of smoke, heat, and poisonous gas, which easily cause the suffocation and even death of the personnel, and it has a serious droplet phenomenon, which limits its application in some fields. 3 Therefore, it is very important to improve the flame retardancy of TPU. [4][5][6][7] At present, the traditional flame retardants used for TPU include halogen flame retardants, phosphorus flame retardants, etc. 8,9 Halogen flame retardants are more popular in flame-retardant TPU because of the high flame-retardant efficiency, moderate price, and variety.However, halogen flame retardants will release corrosive gases such as halogenated hydrogen and a large amount of smoke under high temperature or open fire, which will bring great harm to the human body and the environment. 10 The phosphorus flame retardant has the characteristics of halogen-free and low toxicity, but it needs a high amount of addition, which has an effect on the mechanical properties of the materials. 11,12 As a result, the elongation at break of the composite system, especially the impact strength, will...

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“…Savas et al have studied the influences of huntite&hydromagnesite (HH) and red phosphorus (mRP) on the thermal and fire behaviors of TPU composites. When HH and mRP are used together, the PHRR, THR, and pMLR values further decrease with respect to the TPU composite containing solely HH . However, the applications of AP and RP are usually restricted due to the drawbacks such as thermal instability and reddish‐brown color …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When HH and mRP are used together, the PHRR, THR, and pMLR values further decrease with respect to the TPU composite containing solely HH. 12 However, the applications of AP and RP are usually restricted due to the drawbacks such as thermal instability and reddish-brown color. 13 In recent years, intumescent flame retardant (IFR), as one kind of famous and environment-friendly nonhalogen flame retardants, which are usually composed of three ingredients, including char-forming agents, acid sources, and blowing agents.…”

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Synergistic effect between solid wastes and intumescent flame retardant on flammability and smoke suppression of thermoplastic polyurethane composites

Zhou

Liu

Zhou

et al. 2019

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Phosphorus tailings and fly ash both are solid wastes and do harm to the environment. Here, they were added into thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) matrices together with intumescent flame retardants (IFR), and the synergistic effects between IFR and phosphorus tailings or fly ash for improving the flame retardancy of TPU were investigated. The cone calorimeter test (CCT) results indicated that adding phosphorus tailings or fly ash substitute for part of IFR could obtain a better flame retardant effect. The peak heart release rate (PHRR) of TPU/25 wt% IFR composites exhibited a reduction of 77% than that of neat TPU, and the total smoke production presented a reduction of 16%. However, the PHRR value and total smoke production of the sample TPU/20 wt% IFR/5 wt% phosphorus tailings were reduced by 91% and 57%, respectively, compared to that of neat TPU. The dense char promoted by the presence of IFR and phosphorus tailings or fly ash delayed the diffusion of volatile pyrolysis products and transmission of heat and oxygen to the underlying material. Therefore, a certain amount of phosphorus tailings or fly ash can be used as synergistic agents with IFR to enhance the fire safety of TPU materials. From another aspect, it also provides a promising way for recycling use of phosphorus tailings and fly ash.

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Effect of microcapsulated red phosphorus on flame retardant, thermal and mechanical properties of thermoplastic polyurethane composites filled with huntite&hydromagnesite mineral

Cited by 81 publications

References 50 publications

Influence of zinc borate on flame retardant and thermal properties of polyurethane elastomer composites containing huntite‐hydromagnesite mineral

Influence of zinc borate on flame retardant and thermal properties of polyurethane elastomer composites containing huntite‐hydromagnesite mineral

Thermal degradation and flame retardancy of fumaric acid in thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer

Synergistic effect between solid wastes and intumescent flame retardant on flammability and smoke suppression of thermoplastic polyurethane composites

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