Effect of microbial immunostimulants on WSSV infection percentage and the expression of immune-related genes in white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Fierro-Coronado, Jesús A.; Luna‐González, Antonio; Cáceres-Martínez, Carlos; Álvarez-Ruíz, Píndaro; Escamilla-Montes, Ruth; González-Ocampo, Héctor A.; Peraza-Gómez, Viridiana

doi:10.17533/udea.rccp.v32n3a07

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are identified as quite preserved proteins across the cell membrane of immune cells. TLRs respond quickly to PMAPs (pathogen-associated molecular patterns) of microorganisms (lipopolysaccharides, peptidoglycans, and β- glycans) [ 77 ]. TLRs are attributed to proinflammatory cytokines, and chemokine production boosts antimicrobial responses [ 78 ] [ 79 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Performance, Microbial Community, Bacterial Food Quality, and Gene Expression of Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Reared under Different Density Biofloc Systems

Said

El-barbary

Ahmed

2022

Aquaculture Nutrition

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Biofloc shrimp culture, as a way of improving shrimp production, gains worldwide consideration. However, the effects of the biofloc system on shrimp culture at high densities could be a challenge. Here, this study is aimed at identifying a better stocking density of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) between two intensive biofloc systems of 100 and 300 org./m2. Achieving that was done by comparing growth performance, water quality, feed utilization, microbial loads from water and shrimps, and gene expression of growth, stress, and immune-related genes. Shrimp postlarvae with a mean weight of 35.4 ± 3.7 mg were reared in six indoor cement tanks (36 m3 total capacity each) at two stocking densities (3 replicates each) for a rearing period of 135 days. Better final weight, weight gain, average daily weight gain, specific growth rate, biomass increase percentage, and survival rate were associated with lower density (100/m2), whereas high-density showed significantly higher total biomass. Better feed utilization was found in the lower density treatment. Lower density treatment enhanced water quality parameters, including higher dissolved oxygen and lower nitrogenous wastes. Heterotrophic bacterial count in water samples was recorded as 5.28 ± 0.15 and 5.11 ± 0.28 log CFU/ml from the high- and low-density systems, respectively, with no significant difference. Beneficial bacteria such as Bacillus spp. were identified in water samples from both systems, still, the Vibrio-like count was developed in the higher density system. Regarding shrimp food bacterial quality, the total bacterial count in the shrimp was recorded as 5.09 ± 0.1 log CFU/g in the 300 org./m2 treatment compared to 4.75 ± 0.24 log CFU/g in the lower density. Escherichia coli was isolated from the shrimps in a lower density group while Aeromonas hydrophila and Citrobacter freundii were associated with shrimps from a higher density system. Immune-related genes including prophenoloxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and lysozyme (LYZ) expressions were all significantly higher expressed in the shrimp from the lower density treatment. Toll receptor (LvToll), penaiedin4 (PEN4), and stress-related gene (HSP 70) showed a decreased gene expression in the shrimp raised in the lower density. Significant upregulation of growth-related gene (Ras-related protein-RAP) expression was associated with the lower stocking density system. In conclusion, the current study found that applying high stocking density (300 org./m2) contributes negatively to performance, water quality, microbial community, bacterial food quality, and gene expression of immune, stress, and growth-related genes when compared with the lower stocking density system (100 org./m2) under biofloc system.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Performance, Microbial Community, Bacterial Food Quality, and Gene Expression of Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Reared under Different Density Biofloc Systems

Said

El-barbary

Ahmed

2022

Aquaculture Nutrition

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“…Therefore, we hypothesized that a high CO 2 concentration between non-lethal levels could influence expression of genes related to oxygen transportation and hemolytic activity, melanization, pathogen recognition, antioxidant defense, and stress response of L. vannamei cultured in RAS. Shrimp, as all organisms, regulate their physiological activity by modulating the transcriptional response of their genes for homeostasis maintenance (Fierro-Coronado et al, 2019). The hemocyanin function is related to oxygen transportation and non-specific innate immune defense (Zhang et al, 2009;Li et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional response of immune-related genes in Litopenaeus vannamei cultured in recirculating aquaculture systems with elevated CO2

Casillas-Hernández¹,

Arévalo‐Sainz²,

Flores‐Pérez³

et al. 2021

Revista Brasileira De Zootecnia

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This short-term study evaluated the effect of non-lethal high CO 2 concentration on the transcriptional response of immune-related genes of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) cultured in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). Two experimental groups were created: high CO 2 (47.67±2.04 mg L −1 ) and low CO 2 (2.0±1.93 mg L −1 ). Shrimp of 8.85±1.20 g were placed randomly at a density equivalent to 100 individuals m −3 and were monitored at 6, 12, 18, and 24 h. The transcriptional response of immune-related genes was analyzed by qPCR. Gene expression of hemocyanin, prophenoloxidase, and heat shock protein 60 was downregulated at 24 h, suggesting affectations on oxygen transportation, melanization, and protein functioning of L. vannamei under high CO 2 concentrations. Also, gene up-regulation of lipopolysaccharide-and β-glucan-binding protein and cytosolic manganese superoxide dismutase can impair the bacterial recognition and antioxidant defense of shrimp exposed to high CO 2 concentrations. These results suggest that concentration at about 47 mg L −1 of CO 2 can significantly influence the transcriptional response modulation of immune-related genes.

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“…All organisms regulate their physiological activity by modulating the expression of their genes, for which the gene expression analysis is very important to obtain data concerning the biological mechanisms that are helpful to an organism to maintain a healthy state and good survival (Fierro-Coronado et al, 2019). In shrimp, hemocyanin and prophenoloxidase activities were closely related.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of genetic line, protein source, and protein level on growth, survival, and immune‐related gene expression of Litopenaeus vannamei

Rodriguez-Anaya

Casillas-Hernández

Flores‐Pérez

et al. 2020

J World Aquaculture Soc

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Two shrimp genetic lines (LGR: faster growth and LWR: higher white spot syndrome virus resistance) were evaluated with six dietary treatments containing different sources (animal and plant), and three protein levels (low, medium and high). A five-week bioassay was conducted using Litopenaeus vannamei with an average initial weight of 2.08 ± 0.06 g to determine the influence of the genetic line, protein source, and protein level on the weight gained per week, survival, and expression of immune-related genes. The overall mean of weight gain was 1.02 g/week for LGR and 0.71 g/week for LWR. Survival was 71.7% for LGR and 78.9% for LWR. The genetic line influenced weekly weight gain and survival while a significant interaction between genetic line, protein source, and protein level, influenced the expression of immune-related genes of shrimp. The data suggested that a diet containing plant-based protein (30-35%) at medium level was sufficient to obtain adequate values of weekly weight gain and survival without affecting

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Effect of microbial immunostimulants on WSSV infection percentage and the expression of immune-related genes in white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Cited by 3 publications

References 43 publications

Assessment of Performance, Microbial Community, Bacterial Food Quality, and Gene Expression of Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Reared under Different Density Biofloc Systems

Assessment of Performance, Microbial Community, Bacterial Food Quality, and Gene Expression of Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Reared under Different Density Biofloc Systems

Transcriptional response of immune-related genes in Litopenaeus vannamei cultured in recirculating aquaculture systems with elevated CO2

Effect of genetic line, protein source, and protein level on growth, survival, and immune‐related gene expression of Litopenaeus vannamei

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