Effect of miconazole nitrate on immunological response and its preventive efficacy in Labeo rohita fingerlings against oomycetes Saprolegnia parasitica

Abstract

This study evaluated the effect of sublethal doses of antifungal drug miconazole nitrate (MCZ) on immunological responses and its role as a prophylactic drug against S. parasitica in Labeo rohita fingerlings. Fish were fed with sublethal doses of MCZ, that is, T1-6.30 mgMCZ kgBW , T2-12.61 mgMCZ kgBW and T3-25.22 mgMCZ kgBW , and sampling was done at different time intervals for 240 hr. Immunological parameters viz. lysozyme activity, oxygen radical production and plasma antiprotease activity showed significant enhancement (p < 0.05) in fish fed with T2 and T3 doses. Expression of immune-relevant genes such as TLR-22 and β2-M showed significantly higher expression at 6 hr and 24 hr of sampling in both liver and head kidney. However, these genes showed a downregulation after 120 hr of sampling in both the tissues. Preventive efficacy study showed that single dose of MCZ provides protection against oomycetes up to the fourth day of infection. Significantly higher mortality was observed in control diet-fed fish as compared to fish fed with MCZ medicated diet. Thus, it can be concluded that the MCZ can act as a potent antifungal agent for preventing oomycetes infection as well as to enhance the immune response.

Ion Channel Expression in Human Melanoma Samples: In Silico Identification and Experimental Validation of Molecular Targets

“…It has shown to induce cytoprotective effect under hypoxia conditions, likely by inhibiting HMGB1 and IL-8 release in Caco-2 intestinal cells [64]. Further, it has been shown to induce post-ischemic neurogenesis in rats [65], immune response in fish [66], to have promising anti Alzheimer’s disease activity [67] and to interact with the anticoagulant drug warfarin [68]. Further investigation on the underlying mechanism are currently under investigation.…”

Ethanolic root extract of Rauwolfia serpentina alleviates copper induced genotoxicity and hepatic impairments in spotted snakehead fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch, 1793)

“…Laltlanmawia et al (2019), also documented the stimulatory effect of 1.0% Withania sominifera and dietary L-ascorbic acid, which reduced the elevated activities of SGOT, SGPT and ALP in Labeo rohita as compared to control. Similarly, higher gene expression of immune relevant genes TLR-22 and β2-M was observed down regulated after a single dose treatment of miconazole nitrate in Labeo rohita fingerlings (Singh et al, 2018).…”