Effect of MgO on Highly Basic Sinters with High Al2O3

Yi, Zhengming; Liu, Qiang; Shao, Huijun

doi:10.1007/s42461-021-00445-4

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…An increase in the enrichment content of O2 tends to increase the temperature of the blast furnace and decrease the amount of nitrogen injected, thereby increasing the thermal level and favoring the permeability of the blast furnace. Thus, a high or thicker cohesive zone tends to increase the silicon content in the hot metal as well as a higher thermal level which favors the conditions for the incorporation of silicon into the hot metal, which may indeed be influenced by variables [49]- [51].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of silicon content in the hot metal using Bayesian networks and probabilistic reasoning

Cardoso

Felice

2021

Int. J. Adv. Intell. Informatics

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The blast furnace is the principal method of producing cast iron. In the production of cast iron, the control of silicon is vital because this impurity is harmful to almost all steels. Artificial neural networks with Bayesian regularization are more robust than traditional back-propagation networks and can reduce or eliminate the need for tedious cross-validation. Bayesian regularization is a mathematical process that converts a nonlinear regression into a "well-posed" statistical problem in the manner of ridge regression. The main objective of this work was to develop an artificial neural network to predict silicon content in hot metal by varying the number of neurons in the hidden layer by 10, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 75, and 100 neurons. The results show that all neural networks converged and presented reliable results, neural networks with 20, 25, and 30 neurons showed the best overall results. However, In short, Bayesian neural networks can be used in practice because the actual values correlate excellently with the values calculated by the neural network.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of silicon content in the hot metal using Bayesian networks and probabilistic reasoning

Cardoso

Felice

2021

Int. J. Adv. Intell. Informatics

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“…Therefore, the influence of MgO on the metallurgical properties of sinter has been widely reported. 7,19,20 Yang et al 21 reported that the addition of MgO restrained the formation of CaO•Fe 2 O 3 leading to the decrease in the amount of the SFCA (silico-ferrite of calcium and aluminum) bonding phase during the sintering process. Pan et al 22 reported that a low MgO content can effectively improve the reduction rate of sinter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MgO is one of the essential components of BF slag. A proper MgO content can ensure the fluidity and desulfurization ability of BF slag, especially for slag with a high content of Al 2 O 3 . − Usually, the method of adding MgO into BF slag is to add MgO-bearing flux into sintering raw materials. Sinter is the main raw material for BF operation, especially in China, and usually, the proportion of sinter in the burden composition is above 75%, − and its cold strength and the low-temperature reduction disintegration index (RDI) are important indices for its quality. , The quality of the sinter not only affects the gas permeability of the upper part of the BF and the smooth operation of the BF − but also has a significant impact on the energy consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Fine MgO-Bearing Flux on the Strength of Sinter before and after Low-Temperature Reduction

Shen

Jiang

et al. 2022

ACS Omega

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Decreasing the MgO content can improve most of the metallurgical properties of sinter, but the low-temperature reduction disintegration index (RDI) property will be worse. In order to improve the RDI property of sinter under certain MgO contents, the effects of fine MgO-bearing flux on the strength of sintered samples before and after reduction in three systems (Fe 2 O 3 -MgO, Fe 2 O 3 -MgO-CaO, and Fe 2 O 3 -MgO-CaO-SiO 2 ) were investigated in the present work. The experimental results show that (1) in the three systems, the percentage of fine light calcined magnesite (LCM) increases from 0 to 100%, and the compression strength of the samples before reduction increases from 0.140 to 0.187 MPa, from 0.115 to 0.175 MPa, and from 0.121 to 0.164 MPa, respectively. The compression strength of the samples after reduction increases from 0.062 to 0.151 MPa, from 0.100 to 0.156 MPa, and from 0.099 to 0.151 MPa, respectively. (2) The fundamental reason is that the fine powders can increase the specific surface area and the surface energy of the interface. It is beneficial to promoting the mineralization of MgO-bearing flux. More formation of MgO•Fe 2 O 3 may increase the strength of samples before reduction. Less transformation from Fe 2 O 3 to Fe 3 O 4 may increase the strength of samples after reduction. The microstructures of samples are more compact and uniform. Therefore, fine LCM can improve the strength of sinter before and after reduction. The outcomes of the present work can improve the sintering quality by using the fine MgO-bearing flux in the sintering process.

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“…Shen et al, Zhang et al, and other researchers [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] reported that increasing the MgO content in iron ore sinter could improve the reduction degradation performance. As for the mechanism, It has been some conflicting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As for the mechanism, It has been some conflicting. Zhang et al [10] and Yi et al [16] considered that Mg 2+ could enter in magnetite lattice promoting the formation of magnetite or magniferous magnetite (magnesioferrite), simultaneously inhibiting the phase transition from magnetite to hematite in the cooling process. Pan et al [17] considered that Mg 2+ diffuses into magnetite, which forms pores and active sites, promoting the reaction of hematite to magnetite kinetically.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Investigation of MgO, Al2O3 and SiO2 Effects on Solid-State Formation of Secondary Hematite in Sintering Process of Iron Ore Fines

Chen

Guo

et al. 2022

Minerals

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Secondary hematite (SH) is a serious factor resulting in reduction degradation of iron ore sinter in a blast furnace; however, until now, a quantitative study for SH formation had not been reported. In this work, the effects of gangue composition, including MgO, Al2O3 and SiO2, on the solid-state formation in the sintering process of iron ore fines were investigated quantitatively. It shows that the SH formation decreased from 67.84% to 46.11%, 35.44% and 22.37% after adding 1.0%, 3.0% and 5.0% MgO, respectively, while for Al2O3, the amount increased to 69.38%, 69.98% and 70.56%, respectively. For SiO2, the amount changed to 68.14%, 61.59% and 47.96%, respectively. Simultaneously, the magnetite (magnesioferrite) formation increased from 8.24% to 34.79%, 50.26% and 70.45% after adding 1.0%, 3.0% and 5.0% MgO, respectively. For Al2O3 and SiO2, the amount changed to 8.95%, 8.37%, 7.62% and 7.62%, 11.10%, 18.77%, respectively, compared with no gangue. This indicates that the SH formation increased with decrease in magnesioferrite. It was found that the decrease in SH formation relates to the diffusion of Mg2+ in magnesioferrite, which inhibits the solid-state formation of SH kinetically. A supposition was suggested that a maghemite existed at a high temperature, and decreased with an increase in MgO addition. This would be another reason to improve the degradation performance of iron ore sinter.

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Effect of MgO on Highly Basic Sinters with High Al2O3

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Prediction of silicon content in the hot metal using Bayesian networks and probabilistic reasoning

Prediction of silicon content in the hot metal using Bayesian networks and probabilistic reasoning

Effects of Fine MgO-Bearing Flux on the Strength of Sinter before and after Low-Temperature Reduction

Quantitative Investigation of MgO, Al2O3 and SiO2 Effects on Solid-State Formation of Secondary Hematite in Sintering Process of Iron Ore Fines

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