Effect of MEA activation method on the long-term performance of PEM fuel cell

Taghiabadi, Mohammad Mohammadi; Zhiani, Mohammad; Silva, Valter

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.03.157

Cited by 34 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Although the exact reason for this improvement in electrode activity is not understood, there are several possible reasons: (a) change in the state of silver electrocatalyst since similar extent of increase in the current was also observed by Hatsukade et al 20 for CO 2 RR on silver, (b) a change in the state of iridium electrocatalyst, e.g. iridium electrochemically oxidizing and resulting in lowered overpotential for OER, 21 (c) a change in the ionomer/electrocatalyst interface similar to what is seen in PEM fuel cell "breaking in" step that lead to increase in active site and enhancement in number of ion conducting channels, 22,23 or (d) better humidification of cathode catalyst layer enabled by facile transport of potassium ions from anode to cathode side (when 3 V electrical field is applied), which drag along water due to electro-osmotic effect (for further explanation on this effect refer to the supplementary material section S.1 (available online at stacks.iop.org/JES/169/ 064510/mmedia)).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Performance Characteristics of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane CO₂ Electrolyzer: Effect of CO₂ Dilution, Flow Rate and Pressure

Karimi

Alihosseinzadeh

Ponnurangam

et al. 2022

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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CO2 electrolyzer designed to operate on dilute CO2 feed and low stoichiometric ratio would alleviate the separation costs for CO2 purification and electrolyzer exit gas processing, respectively. The effect of CO2 concentration, CO2 flow rate, and CO2 pressure on current density and faradaic efficiency of a solid polymer electrolyte membrane CO2 electrolyzer was quantified. An approach for estimating voltage breakdown into activation overpotential for CO2 reduction reaction as well as oxygen evolution reaction, ohmic losses, and concentration overpotential is introduced. No enhancement in current density (~160 mA/cm2) was observed above stoichiometry ratio of 4 whereas reducing the stoichiometric ratio to 2.7 still yielded a current density of ~100 mA/cm2. Dilution of CO2 in the feed from 100 mol% to 30mol%, at ~90kPa of cell pressure, resulted in a monotonically decreasing current density. A square root dependency on CO2 partial pressure was observed under these conditions. Operation with pure CO2 at different total pressure yielded only a minor increase in current density indicating some form of saturation-limited behavior. Long-term potentiostatic operation over 85 hours revealed continuous drop in current density and a corresponding increase in electrode resistance, observed in electrochemical impedance response.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Performance Characteristics of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane CO₂ Electrolyzer: Effect of CO₂ Dilution, Flow Rate and Pressure

Karimi

Alihosseinzadeh

Ponnurangam

et al. 2022

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…However, they did not suggest if higher current operation would solve the dehydration issue. Taghiabadi et al [ 129 ] also investigated the long‐term improved effects of the CP activation process on the MEA through aging cycles post‐conditioning. CP conditioning at 0.6 V showed a slower voltage decay of 4.4 µV cycle −1 at 1 A cm −2 , compared to 11.33 µV cycle −1 for CC (0.25 A cm −2 ) activation.…”

Section: Catalyst Layer Performance Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Catalyst Layers for Next‐Generation Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells: A Review of Design, Materials, and Methods

Suter

Smith

Hack

et al. 2021

Advanced Energy Materials

118

115

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Polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) are a promising replacement for the fossil fuel–dependent automotive and energy sectors. They have become increasingly commercialized in the last decade; however, significant limitations on durability and performance limit their commercial uptake. Catalyst layer (CL) design is commonly reported to impact device power density and durability; although, a consensus is rarely reached due to differences in testing conditions, experimental design, and types of data reported. This is further exacerbated by aspects of CL design such as catalyst support, proton conduction, catalyst, fabrication, and morphology, being significantly interdependent; hence, a wider appreciation is required in order to optimize performance, improve durability, and reduce costs. Here, the cutting‐edge research within the field of PEFCs is reviewed, investigating the effect of different manufacturing techniques, electrolyte distribution, support materials, surface chemistries, and total porosity on power density and durability. These are critically appraised from an applied perspective to inform the most relevant and promising pathways to make and test commercially viable cells. This holistic view of the competing aspects of CL design and preparation will facilitate the development of optimized CLs, especially the incorporation of novel catalyst support materials.

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“…Each EIS spectrum was captured from 10,000 to 0.1 Hz, and impedance measurements were taken at 600 mA·cm –2 . In this experiment, the resistance of other components was considered to be fixed, and the ohmic resistance of the PEMFC was determined by the proton conduction resistance of the membrane, which is related to the structure, thickness, and water content of the membrane. − The arc radius of the MEA Nyquist spectrum gradually increased with the operation of the PEMFC, indicating that the electron transfer resistance and mass transfer resistance of MEA increase, which is mainly caused by CL degradation. The calculated increasing rates of the ohmic resistance at 600 mA·cm –2 were 2.2 and 5.1% for PEMFCs operating under the POS strategy and dead-ended mode, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalyst Degradation Mitigation and Fuel Utilization Enhancement of a Dead-Ended Anode and Cathode Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell with Periodical Oxygen Supply

Liu

Chan

2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Hydrogen−oxygen proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have promising military applications. However, carbon corrosion in the catalyst layer induced by water flooding significantly affects the performance and longevity of PEMFCs. In this study, a periodical oxygen supply strategy is proposed to improve water management in PEMFCs. The hydrogen and oxygen utilization reached 99.84 and 98.82%, respectively. The performance degradation rate of a PEMFC with a current density of 600 mA•cm −2 decreased by 45.1% under the proposed strategy. According to morphological results, the thickness degradation rate of the cathode catalyst layer operating in the proposed strategy is generally lower than that in the conventional dead-ended mode, which was mainly due to the irreversible Pt agglomeration, oxidation, and carbon support corrosion, especially in the oxygen outlet area. This work contributes to the engineering application of H 2 /O 2 PEMFCs by providing a deeper understanding of dead-ended behaviors.

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Effect of MEA activation method on the long-term performance of PEM fuel cell

Cited by 34 publications

References 40 publications

Performance Characteristics of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane CO₂ Electrolyzer: Effect of CO₂ Dilution, Flow Rate and Pressure

Performance Characteristics of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane CO₂ Electrolyzer: Effect of CO₂ Dilution, Flow Rate and Pressure

Engineering Catalyst Layers for Next‐Generation Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells: A Review of Design, Materials, and Methods

Catalyst Degradation Mitigation and Fuel Utilization Enhancement of a Dead-Ended Anode and Cathode Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell with Periodical Oxygen Supply

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Effect of MEA activation method on the long-term performance of PEM fuel cell

Cited by 34 publications

References 40 publications

Performance Characteristics of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane CO2 Electrolyzer: Effect of CO2 Dilution, Flow Rate and Pressure

Performance Characteristics of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane CO2 Electrolyzer: Effect of CO2 Dilution, Flow Rate and Pressure

Engineering Catalyst Layers for Next‐Generation Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells: A Review of Design, Materials, and Methods

Catalyst Degradation Mitigation and Fuel Utilization Enhancement of a Dead-Ended Anode and Cathode Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell with Periodical Oxygen Supply

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Product

Resources

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Performance Characteristics of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane CO₂ Electrolyzer: Effect of CO₂ Dilution, Flow Rate and Pressure

Performance Characteristics of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane CO₂ Electrolyzer: Effect of CO₂ Dilution, Flow Rate and Pressure