Effect of maternal dietary arachidonic or linoleic acid on rat pup fatty acid profiles

Lien, Eric L.; Boyle, Fran G.; Yuhas, Rebecca; Kuhlman, Charles F.

doi:10.1007/bf02537091

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This approach has been extensively validated (5,6,27,29,34) and takes into account a small potential for lipolysis in the stomach (12,16,23). Furthermore, it has been suggested that the absorption of lipids and fatty acids in the stomach is negligible (16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only full stomachs were analyzed. The use of contents from full stomachs to reflect the lipid and fatty acid composition of ingested milk has been extensively validated (5,6,27,29,34).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Linoleic acid (18:2n-6) and ␣-linolenic acid (18:3n-3), the precursors for the n-6 and n-3 series, respectively, are present in the diet (9,10). Dietary variations of the 18:2n-6-to-18:3n-3 ratio have been shown to modulate n-6 and n-3 concentrations in a variety of tissues, particularly the liver (1,2,5,21,27,29,34,35,41). In general, the brain is more resistant to moderate changes in dietary essential fatty acids, thus maintaining lipid homeostasis in situ better than the liver (5,21,27).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Lipid and fatty acid profiles in the brain, liver, and stomach contents of neonatal rats: effects of hypoxia

Bruder

Lee

Raff

2005

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neonatal hypoxia leads to clinically significant fatty liver, presumably due to disturbances in lipid metabolism. To fully evaluate lipid metabolism, the present study analyzed the complete lipid profile of the brain, liver, and ingested stomach contents of 7-day-old rats exposed to hypoxia from birth. Hypoxia had negligible direct effects on lipid metabolism in the brain. Conversely, hypoxia exhibited direct effects on hepatic lipid metabolism that could not be fully explained by changes in dietary intake. Triacylglyceride concentration was significantly increased in the hypoxic liver but remained unchanged in the brain and stomach contents. Diacylglyceride concentration was increased in both the brain and liver, and this was associated with increased diacylglyceride in the stomach contents. Most n-3 and n-6 fatty acids were increased in the liver, but not in the brain, of hypoxic pups. These changes did not reflect those measured in the stomach contents. Saturated fatty acid concentrations were increased in both the hypoxic brain and liver, and these changes reflected those in the stomach contents. Hypoxia also increased total phospholipid concentration in the brain and stomach contents. We conclude that neonatal hypoxia indirectly affects specific lipid and fatty acid concentrations in the brain and liver through alterations in the absorbed stomach contents. Hypoxia also exhibits some direct affects through modulation of metabolic pathways in situ, mostly in the liver. In this respect, the neonatal brain exhibits tighter control on lipid homeostasis than the liver during neonatal hypoxia.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only full stomachs were analyzed. The use of contents from full stomachs to reflect the lipid and fatty acid composition of ingested milk has been extensively validated (5,6,27,29,34).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Lipid and fatty acid profiles in the brain, liver, and stomach contents of neonatal rats: effects of hypoxia

Bruder

Lee

Raff

2005

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The studies exploring the effects of dietary fatty acids on the membrane composition of the nervous system in the developing rat have investigated the dam's milk composition only on day 14 postpartum (20)(21)(22)(23). They give an incomplete view of the quantity of n-3 fatty acids ingested by the suckling pup because 22:6n-3 decreases during the maturation of milk (17,24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Modifying the n−3 fatty acid content of the maternal diet to determine the requirements of the fetal and suckling rat

Guesnet¹,

Alasnier²,

Alessandri³

et al. 1997

Lipids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During perinatal development, docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) accumulates extensively in membrane phospholipids of the nervous system. To evaluate the n-3 fatty acid requirements of fetal and suckling rats, we investigated the accumulation of 22:6n-3 in the brain and liver of pup rats from birth to day 14 postpartum when their dams received increasing amounts of dietary 18:3n-3 (from 5 to 800 mg/100 g diet) during the pregnancy-lactation period. The fatty acid composition of brain and liver phospholipids of pups, as well as that of dam's milk, was determined. At birth, 22:6n-3 increased regularly to reach the highest level when the maternal diet contained 800 mg 18:3n-3/100 g. On days 7 and 14 postpartum, brain 22:6n-3 plateaued at a maternal dietary supply of 200 mg/100 g. Docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-6) had the opposite temporal pattern. The unusually high concentration of eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) in liver and dam's milk observed at the highest 18:3n-3 intake suggests an excessive dietary supply of this fatty acid. All these data suggest that the n-3 fatty acid requirements of the pregnant rat are around 400 mg 18:3n-3 and those of the lactating rat at 200 mg (i.e., 0.9 and 0.45% of dietary energy, respectively). The values of 18:3n-3 and 22:6n-3 milk content which allowed brain 22:6n-3 to reach a plateau value in suckling pups were 1% of total fatty acids and 0.9% (colostrum) to 0.2% (mature milk), respectively. These levels are similar to those recommended for infant formulas.

show abstract

“…The comparative effect of maternal dietary fats on tissue fatty acid composition of the fetus [12,13] and suckling pups [12,13,[32][33][34] has been investigated previously. These studies, in unison, demonstrate that tissue fatty acids of rat offspring are altered significantly by maternal diet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Natal Modulation of Heart and Liver Phosphoglyceride Fatty Acids in Pups

Ghebremeskel¹,

Bitsanis²,

Koukkou³

et al. 1999

Ann Nutr Metab

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Maternal dietary fats alter tissue fatty acids of the fetus and suckling pups. However, the possible change in tissue composition in response to the high oxygen tension extrauterine milieu independent of diet is not well understood. Methods: We have compared the fatty acids of heart and liver choline (CPG) and ethanolamine (EPG) phosphoglycerides of rat offspring at birth and post-natal day 15. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a breeding diet prior to mating, pregnancy and lactation. A proportion of each litter was sacrificed and the liver and heart were obtained for analysis. Changes in fatty acid composition specific to tissue (heart and liver) and phosphoglyceride (CPG and EPG) occurred post-natally. Results: Relative levels of palmitate and oleate decreased and those of stearate increased in both the heart and liver phosphoglycerides of the suckling pups. There was a reduction in arachidonate/linoleate ratio primarily due to the increase in linoleic acid. With the exception in the heart EPG, the levels of arachidonic acid did not decrease concomitantly. Although the fatty acid composition of the diet did not change between pregnancy and lactation, docosahexaenoic and total n–3 increased in heart CPG and EPG and liver CPG of the suckling pups. Evidently, membrane fatty acid modulation, independent of maternal dietary fat, occurs in the extrauterine environment. It seems to favour the accretion of linoleic, arachidonic, docosahexaenoic and total n–3 fatty acids. Conclusion: Since there appears to be some parallel between the very preterm human neonate and rat pups with regard to nutrient store at birth and the neonatal developmental time window, our results may have relevance for the understanding of fatty acid metabolism and turnover in the human neonate.

show abstract

Effect of maternal dietary arachidonic or linoleic acid on rat pup fatty acid profiles

Cited by 20 publications

References 35 publications

Lipid and fatty acid profiles in the brain, liver, and stomach contents of neonatal rats: effects of hypoxia

Lipid and fatty acid profiles in the brain, liver, and stomach contents of neonatal rats: effects of hypoxia

Modifying the n−3 fatty acid content of the maternal diet to determine the requirements of the fetal and suckling rat

Post-Natal Modulation of Heart and Liver Phosphoglyceride Fatty Acids in Pups

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About