Effect of manganese content on sulphide shape control by zirconium in steel

Pollard, B.

doi:10.1179/030716974803287582

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Although much of the earlier research on zirconium additions to low carbon steels carried out during the 1930s and 1940s reported the favourable effect on notch toughness and ductility of steel, 24,135,136 more recent publications have ascribed these improvements to a control of sulphide morphology. 17,90,[137][138][139] However, economically, a more attractive approach is to modify the sulphide inclusion composition, so as to reduce its plasticity at hot rolling temperatures, resulting in enhanced impact toughness in a transverse orientation.…”

Section: Effect Of Zirconium On Mechanical Properties Of Steelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of zirconium in microalloyed steels: A review

Baker

2015

Materials Science and Technology

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Recently there has been a renewed interest in the addition of zirconium to microalloyed steels. It has been used since the early 1920's, but has never been universally employed, as have niobium, titanium or vanadium. The functions of zirconium in steelmaking are associated with a strong chemical affinity, in decreasing order, for oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and carbon. Historically, the main use of additions of zirconium to steel was for combination preferentially with sulphur and so avoid the formation of manganese sulphide, known to have a deleterious influence of the impact toughness of wrought and welded steel. Modern steelmaking techniques have also raised the possibility that zirconium additions can reduce the austenite grain size and increase dispersion strengthening, due to precipitation of zirconium carbonitrides, or in high nitrogen vanadium-zirconium steels, vanadium nitride. This review gathers information on the compounds of zirconium identified in steels together with crystallographic data and solubility equations. Also brief accounts of the role of sulphides and particles in general on austenite grain size control and toughness are included.

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Section: Effect Of Zirconium On Mechanical Properties Of Steelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of zirconium in microalloyed steels: A review

Baker

2015

Materials Science and Technology

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“…Historically, the main viewpoints supported that the transverse toughness can be improved by modifying the sulphides with Zr addition in steel. 16 Furthermore, previous investigations 3,35 have proposed that sulphide modification can be well controlled when sulphur content was as high as 0.01-0.036%. In the present study, the sulphur content is in the range of 30-60|10 26 , which does not meet the most appropriate condition.…”

Section: Effect Of Zirconium On Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Influence of zirconium on mechanical properties and phase transformation in low carbon steel

Min

Liu

et al. 2016

Materials Science and Technology

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The influence of zirconium on the mechanical properties and phase transformation was investigated in low carbon steel. First, the steels are subjected to a special thermomechanical regime, and the hot rolled plates were used to characterise the tensile properties and impact toughness. Second, the phase transformation behaviour of the steels with various Zr contents was evaluated by both dilatometry and metallography. Finally, to confirm the existence of Zr containing precipitates in the Zr added steels, transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy were used. It was verified that plenty of fine spherical (Nb,Ti,Zr)C, which is identified to be nearly 10 nm, can be formed when the concentration of Zr is in the range of 0.015–0.030. The effects of zirconium on the phase transformation, including proeutectoid ferrite and pearlite transformation, and mechanical properties evolution were also identified and discussed.

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“…The tendency for zirconium to form zirconium sulfide inclusions or zirconium manganese sulfides in steel was early reported by Field et al [9] and Koch et al [10]. A discussion of the degree of sulfide shape control by zirconium addition was published by Pollare et al [5]. The degree of sulfide shape control was improved by increasing the zirconium content or reducing the manganese content of the steel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…For example, manganese sulfide is usually used to improve machinability in free-cutting steel as the stress concentration source [1][2][3][4]. However, the deformation of manganese sulfide along with the rolling direction deteriorates the mechanical properties of the steel [5,6]. The control of the sulfide inclusions morphology is vital for balancing the mechanical properties and machinability of free cutting steel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…33.09 − 50880/T(4) where [i] is the dissolved i (i = Mg, Al, Mn, S, O) in the molten steel, (s) is the solid reactor or product, K is the reaction equilibrium constant, T is the Kelvin temperature. The formation reactions of sulfide inclusions can be expressed by Equations(5) to(8). [Mg]+ [S] = MgS(s)(5)logK 9 = −11.27+28893/T (6) [Mn] + [S] = MnS(s)(7)logK12 = 4.63−8794/T (shows the stability diagram of inclusions for Fe-Mg-Al-Mn-O-S system at 1600 • C. The equilibrium products are plotted on the diagram and the phase boundaries are represented as heavy lines.…”

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Formation and Evolution of Inclusions with Different Adding Order of Magnesium and Sulfur in Al-Killed Free-Cutting Steel

Min

Zhang

et al. 2018

Metals

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To reveal the effect of adding order of magnesium and sulfur on the evolution of inclusions in Al-killed free-cutting steel, both deoxidized experiments and thermodynamic calculations were carried out in this paper. The samples, which were extracted from the liquid steel at different time after magnesium and sulfur addition, were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The results showed that the adding order had a significant influence on the formation and evolution of inclusions. In the case of magnesium added before sulfur, MgO formed immediately after magnesium addition and then transformed to spinel accompanied by MeS (Mg0.9Mn0.1S) after sulfur addition. In the case of sulfur added prior to magnesium, MgO and MeS precipitated simultaneously after magnesium addition. During the equilibrium solidification, the transformation of MgO to spinel was calculated to take place before MnS precipitated from the saturated liquid steel.

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Effect of manganese content on sulphide shape control by zirconium in steel

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Role of zirconium in microalloyed steels: A review

Role of zirconium in microalloyed steels: A review

Influence of zirconium on mechanical properties and phase transformation in low carbon steel

Formation and Evolution of Inclusions with Different Adding Order of Magnesium and Sulfur in Al-Killed Free-Cutting Steel

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