Effect of Magnesium on Calcium and Oxalate Ion Binding

Riley, Julie; Kim, Hyun‐Jin; Averch, Timothy D.; Kim, Hyung J.

doi:10.1089/end.2013.0173

Cited by 32 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Some of the potential indications that require further investigation include for example depression [ 141 ], dysmenorrhea [ 142 ], fatigue [ 143 ], fibromyalgia [ 144 ], hearing loss [ 145 ], kidney stones [ 146 ], premenstrual syndrome [ 147 ], osteoporosis [ 11 ], and tinnitus [ 148 ].…”

Section: Magnesium In the Treatment And Prevention Of Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium in Prevention and Therapy

Gröber¹,

Schmidt²,

2015

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Magnesium is the fourth most abundant mineral in the body. It has been recognized as a cofactor for more than 300 enzymatic reactions, where it is crucial for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) metabolism. Magnesium is required for DNA and RNA synthesis, reproduction, and protein synthesis. Moreover, magnesium is essential for the regulation of muscular contraction, blood pressure, insulin metabolism, cardiac excitability, vasomotor tone, nerve transmission and neuromuscular conduction. Imbalances in magnesium status—primarily hypomagnesemia as it is seen more common than hypermagnesemia—might result in unwanted neuromuscular, cardiac or nervous disorders. Based on magnesium’s many functions within the human body, it plays an important role in prevention and treatment of many diseases. Low levels of magnesium have been associated with a number of chronic diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease (e.g., stroke), migraine headaches, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

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Section: Magnesium In the Treatment And Prevention Of Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium in Prevention and Therapy

Gröber¹,

Schmidt²,

2015

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“…Furthermore, a recent study demonstrated that magnesium decreases both calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner. These activities are amplified by citrate and work even at acidic pH [90]. Magnesium works also as a chelator of oxalate in the bowel, thus reducing its intestinal absorption.…”

Section: Citrate Dietary Alkali Load and Magnesiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of Kidney Stones: Influence of Dietary Factors, Dietary Patterns, and Vegetarian–Vegan Diets

et al. 2020

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Nephrolithiasis is a common medical condition influenced by multiple environmental factors, including diet. Since nutritional habits play a relevant role in the genesis and recurrence of kidney stones disease, dietary manipulation has become a fundamental tool for the medical management of nephrolithiasis. Dietary advice aims to reduce the majority of lithogenic risk factors, reducing the supersaturation of urine, mainly for calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, and uric acid. For this purpose, current guidelines recommend increasing fluid intake, maintaining a balanced calcium intake, reducing dietary intake of sodium and animal proteins, and increasing intake of fruits and fibers. In this review, we analyzed the effects of each dietary factor on nephrolithiasis incidence and recurrence rate. Available scientific evidence agrees on the harmful effects of high meat/animal protein intake and low calcium diets, whereas high content of fruits and vegetables associated with a balanced intake of low-fat dairy products carries the lowest risk for incident kidney stones. Furthermore, a balanced vegetarian diet with dairy products seems to be the most protective diet for kidney stone patients. Since no study prospectively examined the effects of vegan diets on nephrolithiasis risk factors, more scientific work should be made to define the best diet for different kidney stone phenotypes.

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“…A study using molecular dynamics computer simulations showed that the presence of Mg 2+ reduces the average size of the calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate aggregates; for calcium oxalate aggregates, Mg 2+ destabilized the ionic pairing of Ca 2+ and oxalate. 48 Moreover, authors of another report found that calcium oxalate monohydrate stones that contained lower levels of magnesium (around 3.3 g/kg) were more resistant to fragmentation in shock-wave therapy than stones containing higher levels of magnesium (around 6.1 g/kg). 49 …”

Section: The Elementome Of Urinary Stonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The elementome of calcium-based urinary stones and its role in urolithiasis

et al. 2015

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Urolithiasis affects around 10% of the US population with an increasing rate of prevalence, recurrence and penetrance. The causes for the formation of most urinary calculi remain poorly understood, but obtaining the chemical composition of these stones might help identify key aspects of this process and new targets for treatment. The majority of urinary stones are composed of calcium that is complexed in a crystalline matrix with organic and inorganic components. Surprisingly, mitigation of urolithiasis risk by altering calcium homeostasis has not been very effective. Thus, studies to identify other therapeutic stone-specific targets, using proteomics, metabolomics and microscopy techniques, have been conducted, revealing a high level of complexity. The data suggest that numerous metals other than calcium and many nonmetals are present within calculi at measurable levels and several have distinct distribution patterns. Manipulation of the levels of some of these elemental components of calcium-based stones has resulted in clinically beneficial changes in stone chemistry and rate of stone formation. The elementome—the full spectrum of elemental content—of calcium-based urinary calculi is emerging as a new concept in stone research that continues to provide important insights for improved understanding and prevention of urinary stone disease.

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Effect of Magnesium on Calcium and Oxalate Ion Binding

Cited by 32 publications

References 17 publications

Magnesium in Prevention and Therapy

Magnesium in Prevention and Therapy

Risk of Kidney Stones: Influence of Dietary Factors, Dietary Patterns, and Vegetarian–Vegan Diets

The elementome of calcium-based urinary stones and its role in urolithiasis

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