Effect of Low-Temperature Pyrolysis on the Properties of Jute Fiber-Reinforced Acetylated Softwood Kraft Lignin-Based Thermoplastic Polyurethane

Abstract

Short jute fiber-reinforced acetylated lignin-based thermoplastic polyurethane (JF reinforced ASKLTPU) was prepared and characterized as a short-fiber-reinforced elastomer with carbon-neutrality and biodegradability. The acetylated softwood kraft lignin-based thermoplastic polyurethane (ASKLTPU) was prepared with polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a soft segment. Short jute fiber was modified using low-temperature pyrolysis up to the temperatures of 200, 250, and 300 °C in order to remove non-cellulosic compounds of jute fibers for enhancing interfacial bonding and reducing hydrophilicity with the ASKLTPU matrix. JF-reinforced ASKLTPUs with fiber content from 5 to 30 wt % were prepared using a melt mixing method followed by hot-press molding at 160 °C. The JF-reinforced ASKLTPUs were characterized for their mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical properties, thermal transition behavior, thermal stability, water absorption, and fungal degradability. The increased interfacial bonding between JF and ASKLTPU using low-temperature pyrolysis was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and also proved via interfacial shear strength measured using a single-fiber pull-out test. The mechanical properties, thermal properties, and water absorption aspects of JF-reinforced ASKLTPU were affected by increased interfacial bonding and reduced hydrophilicity from low-temperature pyrolysis. In the case of the degradation test, the PEG component of ASKLPTU matrix highly affects degradation and deterioration.

Sisal fiber reinforced polyethylene terephthalate composites; Fabrication, characterization and possible application

“…The modulus of all the samples shows a linear relationship with increasing fiber content. The results are in a good agreement with different researchers 9,20,24,39,41,53,55.…”

“…The results are in a good agreement with different researchers. 9,20,24,39,41,53,55 Effect of sisal reinforcement on mechanical properties of the composites This behavior can be explained by the fact that as the natural fibers are polar by nature and PET is comparatively non-polar polymer, there is poor adhesion at the interface and the fibers function as stress concentrators in the composite. This may be also explained by the differences in failure strains of sisal fiber and the PET matrix.…”

“…During the tensile test, the neat PET behaves very ductile, with 3.7% strain, while the sisal reinforced PET composites fractured, less ductile, <0.5% strain, and show brittle behavior. So, before the transfer of stress from the fiber to the matrix, failure of the composite happened [53][54][55]. This can be taken as a good verification that mechanical properties of NF reinforced polymer composites are strongly determined by the fiber-matrix interface.…”

“…The total porous count is divided into two; the first are voids with a pore size of ≤2-pixel sq. These pores are created due to the formation of interfacial aggregates created as a result of the pyrolysis of sisal fiber during injection molding 53 and can not be taken as fiber pullout voids.…”

Strengthening Regenerated Cellulose Fibers Sourced from Recycled Cotton T-Shirt Using Glucaric Acid for Antiplasticization

“…The manufacturing of RC fibers has been studied for more than 150 years; the commercialization of viscose rayon began with Courtalds Fibers [8]. Unfortunately, the state-of-the-art for rayon manufacturing employs the use of and later the generation of environmentally hazardous products; such as carbon sulfide (CS 2 ) and hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) during the regeneration process [9]. An alternative to derivative dissolution (e.g., indirect dissolution) by the viscose rayon method is the approach for the direct dissolution of cellulose.…”