Effect of low concentrations of ozone on pulmonary function in man

Abstract

Eleven subjects in sixteen experiments breathed 0.6–0.8 ppm of ozone through a mouthpiece for 2-hr periods. Measurements of pulmonary function were made immediately before and after each experiment. The changes were compared with those observed after a control experiment in which air was breathed through the same circuit for a similar period. In this concentration, ozone was found to produce a highly significant reduction in steady-state D1CO of 5.4 ml CO/min mm Hg, a change about four times larger than that of the air control experiments. The vital capacity, FEV0.75 x 40, and maximal midexpiratory flow rate decreased by about 10% after ozone breathing, the change being statistically significant in the first two of these only. Gas distribution, and dynamic and static pulmonary compliance were measured in two subjects and were not affected by ozone. Thickening of the alveolar wall by edema fluid is suggested as the most likely explanation of the fall in D1CO that has been observed. The vital capacity and expiratory flow rates may be limited in part by tracheobronchial irritation that follows inhalation of 0.6 ppm of ozone for 2 hr. diffusing capacity after breathing ozone; lungs, effect of ozone; pulmonary function after breathing ozone Submitted on September 23, 1963

The influence of European pollution on ozone in the Near East and northern Africa

“…The highest ambient concentrations are found in areas near urban/industrial centers and biomass burning activities where short-lived maxima are often observed that can be harmful to human health (e.g. Young et al, 1964;Hallet, 1965;Stockinger, 1965). Consequently, many industrialized nations have adopted ozone control strategies with the intent to keep ambient ozone below levels considered unhealthy to humans.…”

Bronchial Epithelial Alterations and Pulmonary Neoplasia Induced by Ozone

“…Tolerance to ozone apparently differs from species to species in that man has an intermediate sensitivity to ozone between that observed in rodents, the most sensitive, and dogs, the least sensitive [12].…”

“…From the literature it is clear that ozone, even at low concentrations [12], can promote a whole series of pulmonary lesions. These include responses such as emphysema and bronchopneumonia and cellular altera tions of hyperplasia and adenomas (broncho-alveolar tumors).…”

Air Quality Criteria—Toxicological Appraisal for Oxidants, Nitrogen Oxides, and Hydrocarbons

“…The most sensitive test found so far appears to be the diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco). Young, et al, 12 report that all eleven of their subjects experienced a transient lowering of the DLco after exposure from 0.6 to 0.8 ppm for 2 hours. The subjects had almost returned to normal 1 hour after the end of the exposure.…”