Effect of Long-Term Administration of Cross-Sex Hormone Therapy on Serum and Urinary Uric Acid in Transsexual Persons

Yahyaoui, Raquel; Esteva, Isabel; Haro‐Mora, Juan J.; Almaraz, María Cruz; Morcillo, Sonsoles; Rojo-Martínez, Gemma; Martínez, J Fausto Bustamante; Gómez‐Zumaquero, J. M.; González, Inmaculada; Hernando, Virginia; Soriguer, Federico

doi:10.1210/jc.2007-2467

Cited by 145 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Estrogen replacement therapy also reduces the serum UA concentrations in hyperuricemic postmenopausal females [11]. With respect to TRT, only two reports have shown that testosterone treatment for female to male gender reassignment leads to increased serum UA concentrations and reduced renal excretion of UA [12,13]. Our current study also demonstrated serum UA upregulation induced by testosterone administration.…”

Section: Figsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…We experienced that, when TRT is initiated, testosterone immediately affects the systemic metabolism in female to male GID patients. Although UA is a possible factor that can be influenced by testosterone administration [10][11][12][13], the early effects and dose-dependency of TRT on the serum UA concentration have not been previously determined. As for the effects of testosterone on the serum UA level, we herein report our experience using three TRT doses in the treatment of female to male GID.…”

Section: Blood Sample Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Testosterone replacement elevates the serum uric acid levels in patients with female to male gender identity disorder

et al. 2013

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Section: Figsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Blood Sample Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testosterone replacement elevates the serum uric acid levels in patients with female to male gender identity disorder

et al. 2013

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“…Estrogen increases the excretion of UA, and SUA levels increase after Table 4 Odds ratios for the incidence of hypertension, metabolic syndrome and hypertension with metabolic syndrome according to serum uric acid tertile or the presence of hyperuricemia menopause. 39 The biological mechanism explaining the relationships between estrogen levels and the development of hypertension or MetS has still not been elucidated. Fourth, we could not assess the dietary statuses of our subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between serum uric acid levels and the incidence of hypertension and metabolic syndrome: a 4-year follow-up study of a large screened cohort in Okinawa, Japan

et al. 2014

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The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and the incidences of hypertension and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a large screened cohort of Japanese men and women. We evaluated 4812 subjects (males, 2528; females, 2284; mean age, 47.5 years) who underwent health checkups between 2006 and 2010 and were free of hypertension and MetS in 2006. After 4 years, 618 (13%), 764 (16%) and 158 (3%) subjects developed hypertension, MetS and hypertension with MetS, respectively. Increased SUA levels were significantly and positively associated with the incidences of hypertension, MetS and hypertension with MetS. Compared with the first quartile of SUA levels, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the third and fourth quartiles, respectively, were as follows: 1.5 (1.1-2.1; P = 0.0128) and 1.8 (1.2-2.5; P = 0.0022) for hypertension, 1.3 (0.9-1.9; P = 0.1910) and 1.8 (1.2-2.7; P = 0.0039) for MetS and 2.7 (1.1-6.6; P = 0.0276) and 3.2 (1.3-8.0; P = 0.0115) for hypertension with MetS. In conclusion, increased SUA levels were significantly and independently associated with the incidences of hypertension and MetS in subjects without hypertension or MetS at baseline. Increased SUA levels might also be correlated with the incidence of hypertension with MetS.

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“…Additionally, estrogen could promote the excretion of uric acid, which may avoid the accumulation of uric acid and weaken the activation of uricase in male rats. 25,26 As important human milk constituents, nucleotides and their analogs were included in various forms (for example, polymeric nucleotides, oligonucleotides, mononucleotides, and nucleotides). The Coordinated International Expert Group of the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) recommends the following maximum concentrations for nucleotides added to infant formula: 1.75 mg/100 kcal of CMP, 1.5 mg/100 kcal of UMP, 1.5 mg/100 kcal of AMP, 0.5 mg/100 kcal of GMP, and 1 mg/100 kcal of IMP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Effects of Dietary Nucleotides in Second-Generation Weaned Rats

et al. 2013

Journal of Medicinal Food

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The aim of the present study was to evaluate dietary effects of dietary nucleotides (NTs) on developmental parameters in second-generation Sprague-Dawley rats. Experimental design was set up as six groups, including one control and five nucleotide administered groups, doses ranged from 0.01% to 1.28% nucleotides. First-generation (F0) rats were divided into two terms: (1) fed for 90-day study; (2) mated for offspring (F1). After weaning, each group of second-generation F1 rats was fed the control diet. Evaluating parameters were weight gain and food utilization ratios of rats, hematological and biochemical parameters, and organ pathology. The results showed that there was a greater weight gain and food utilization ratio in weaned rats (F0 and F1). Furthermore, weight gain and food utilization ratios were increased in the first 2 weeks of F1 male and the first week of F1 female rats. There were no significant changes in blood indicators of NT groups with the exception of decrease in aspartate aminotransferase and serum uric acid levels. Overall, it was demonstrated that NT supplements could promote the early growth and development at a 0.01% dose. Although NTs may have cumulative reproductive effects, they were safe even at a high-dose supplementation. Additionally, NT supplementation could promote restoration and optimize liver function.

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Effect of Long-Term Administration of Cross-Sex Hormone Therapy on Serum and Urinary Uric Acid in Transsexual Persons

Abstract: Serum levels of uric acid and the FEUA are altered in transsexuals as a result of cross-sex hormone therapy. The results concerning the MFT group support the hypothesis that the lower levels of uric acid in women are due to estrogen-induced increases in FEUA.

Cited by 145 publications

References 16 publications

Testosterone replacement elevates the serum uric acid levels in patients with female to male gender identity disorder

Testosterone replacement elevates the serum uric acid levels in patients with female to male gender identity disorder

Associations between serum uric acid levels and the incidence of hypertension and metabolic syndrome: a 4-year follow-up study of a large screened cohort in Okinawa, Japan

Developmental Effects of Dietary Nucleotides in Second-Generation Weaned Rats

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