Effect of Lignin Carbohydrate Complexes of Hardwood Hybrids on the Kraft Pulping Process

Silva, Vanessa Lopes; Jameel, Hasan; Gomes, Fernando José Borges; Batalha, Larisse Aparecida Ribas; Coura, Marcela Ribeiro; Colodette, Jorge Luiz

doi:10.1080/02773813.2016.1235584

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Woods with lower lignin contents increase the pulping yield and may require a decrease in active alkali in the cooking liquor, reducing the reagent costs. In fact, small reductions in the lignin content of wood can represent large savings in the industrial production, along with gains in yield, as studied by Silva et al (2017) [49].…”

Section: Ash Extractive and Lignin Contentsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Determination of the Chemical Composition of Eucalyptus spp. for Cellulosic Pulp Production

Vieira

Arriel

Zanuncio

et al. 2021

Forests

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The chemical composition of wood is important to assess the quality of this raw material for the industry of cellulosic pulp production. The purpose of this work was to determine the chemical composition of Eucalyptus spp. grown for cellulosic pulp production. Ten Eucalyptus spp. clones with six years of age, located in the municipality of Itamarandiba, Minas Gerais, Brazil, were used. Quantification was obtained for extractives, monosaccharides, uronic acids, acetates, lignin, ash and the phenolic composition of the extracts. In average, clones showed around 2.7% extractives, with a predominance of polar compounds soluble in ethanol and water; 27.7% lignin and 0.3% ash. Glucose was the main sugar detected (64.2%), followed by xylose (19.3%). The main components of the extractives were steroids, fatty acids and aromatic acids, followed by smaller amounts of substituted alkanoic acids, fatty alcohols, glycerol derivatives and triterpenes. The ethanol–water extracts presented total phenol contents ranging from 321.4 to 586.6 mg EAG/g of extract, tannins from 28.1 to 65.1 mg catechin/g of extract and flavonoids from 73.6 to 256.9 mg catechin/g of extract. Clones with a higher holocellulose amount and a lower lignin content showed a higher potential for cellulosic pulp production. These findings are important for the development of high-quality wood based on important traits for the pulp and paper sector.

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Section: Ash Extractive and Lignin Contentsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Determination of the Chemical Composition of Eucalyptus spp. for Cellulosic Pulp Production

Vieira

Arriel

Zanuncio

et al. 2021

Forests

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“…Benzyl ester linkages are easily cleaved in alkaline conditions [ 53 , 59 ]. Silva et al [ 27 ] report that hardwoods with a high content of PhyGlc linkages show the lowest kraft pulping yield performance, which could be related to the alkaline-stable nature of the PhyGlc bonds [ 68 , 69 ]. In another study, it is noted that the hydrolysis of PhyGlc bond leads to only 4% cleavage in neutral aqueous conditions, whereas 96% of the bond can be cleaved via acid treatment, which is proposed to be generated during hydrothermal treatment of hardwood species [ 70 ].…”

Section: Lignin–carbohydrate Linkagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to its strong bonding, the presence of LCC affects the overall extraction of lignin and carbohydrates [ 16 , 24 , 26 ]. For example, a low yield of kraft pulping process is related to the challenge in breaking lignin–carbohydrate linkages in hardwood species [ 27 ], which can be attributed to the alkaline stability of LCC bonds. In addition, the formation of lignin–hemicellulose linkages in kraft pulp has been suggested [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignin–carbohydrate complexes: properties, applications, analyses, and methods of extraction: a review

Tarasov

Leitch

Fatehi

2018

Biotechnol Biofuels

328

152

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The complexity of lignin and hemicellulose segmentation has been known since the middle of the ninetieth century. Studies confirmed that all lignin units in coniferous species and 47–66% of lignin moieties in deciduous species are bound to hemicelluloses or cellulose molecules in lignin–carbohydrate complexes (LCC). Different types and proportions of lignin and polysaccharides present in biomass lead to the formation of LCC with a great variety of compositions and structures. The nature and amount of LCC linkages and lignin substructures affect the efficiency of pulping, hydrolysis, and digestibility of biomass. This review paper discusses the structures, compositions, and properties of LCC present in biomass and in the products obtained via pretreating biomass. Methods for extracting, fractionating, and analyzing LCC of biomass, pulp, and spent pulping liquors are critically reviewed. The main perspectives and challenges associated with these technologies are extensively discussed. LCC could be extracted from biomass following varied methods, among which dimethyl sulfoxide or dioxane (Björkman’s) and acetic acid (LCC-AcOH) processes are the most widely applied. The oxidation and methylation treatments of LCC materials elucidate the locations and frequency of binding sites of hemicelluloses to lignin. The two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance analysis allows the identification of the structure and the quantity of lignin–carbohydrate bonds involved in LCC. LCC application seems promising in medicine due to its high anti-HIV, anti-herpes, and anti-microbial activity. In addition, LCC was successfully employed as a precursor for the preparation of spherical biocarriers.

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“…Being a covalent combination of lignin derivatives and carbohydrate units, LCCs are speculated to form during plant biosynthesis. Their presence in raw biomass is agreed upon, but little is known concerning their fate through biorefinery-type processes. − This knowledge gap can contribute to processing problems for biorefineries, resulting in decreased efficiency. − Not only do LCCs hinder industrial separation of biomass streams but they affect kraft pulping performance and can cause loss of pulp yield. , Various studies over the past decade have successfully employed nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) to elucidate the chemical connectivity of LCC structures, which were obtained by degrading biomass to the point that LCC molecules could be extracted from the plant cell. − , In addition, some researchers have synthesized and characterized model LCC compounds. , Unfortunately, all of these studies were instrumentally limited in their ability to suggest structures of LCCs, resulting in a promising yet vague knowledge base concerning the molecular structures of plant-synthesized LCCs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Spectrometry Exposes Undocumented Lignin-Carbohydrate Complexes in Biorefinery Pretreatment Stream

Boes

Narron

Park

et al. 2018

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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The presence and effects of lignin−carbohydrate complexes (LCCs) in biorefinery processes are largely unknown. Recently identified in a significant hydrothermal pretreatment process stream (autohydrolyzate), these molecules likely influence not only downstream processing but also product purity and performance. However, without an understanding of their structures, it is impossible to analyze and cope with their effects. To identify and elucidate LCCs in autohydrolyzate, a new method employed chloride doping and tandem mass spectrometry. The results showed complexes ranging in mass from 326−714 Da with evidence of xylose and glucose units. Further analysis revealed lignin-like levels of unsaturation, considering the number of carbons present. These results suggest that, although the complexes contain one or two carbohydrate units, their primary structures are closer to lignin compounds. This method provides a glimpse into the structures of LCCs in a biorefinery process stream, laying the foundation for easier identification and continued structural elucidation of these enigmatic complexes.

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Effect of Lignin Carbohydrate Complexes of Hardwood Hybrids on the Kraft Pulping Process

Cited by 15 publications

References 23 publications

Determination of the Chemical Composition of Eucalyptus spp. for Cellulosic Pulp Production

Determination of the Chemical Composition of Eucalyptus spp. for Cellulosic Pulp Production

Lignin–carbohydrate complexes: properties, applications, analyses, and methods of extraction: a review

Mass Spectrometry Exposes Undocumented Lignin-Carbohydrate Complexes in Biorefinery Pretreatment Stream

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