Effect of light and nutrients on biomass allocation in Calamagrostis canadensis

Powelson, R. Allan; Lieffers, Victor J.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0587.1992.tb00005.x

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Positive effects of grass cover on soil properties were indicated in our previous studies [17]. However, the grass can inhibit forest regeneration when abundant by lowering recruitment and growth of tree seedlings [18,19]. In areas with high spruce mortality and grass expansion, future forests thus may not look like the forests that preceded them [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Grass cover on forest clear-cut areas ameliorates some soil chemical properties

Drábek

Borůvka

Pavlů

et al. 2007

Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Grass cover on forest clear-cut areas ameliorates some soil chemical properties

Drábek

Borůvka

Pavlů

et al. 2007

Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry

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“…The low belowground biomass may also be explained by the large granulometry of the media (10-15mm). Larger biomass was found in a sandy loam potting soil (Powelson and Lieffers, 1992). The belowground: aboveground biomass ratio was the lowest, around 0.25 compared to above 2 for Typha.…”

Section: Species Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 84%

Effect of Macrophyte Species on Subsurface Flow Wetland Performance in Cold Climate

Ouellet-Plamondon¹,

Brisson²,

Comeau³

Self-Sustaining Solutions for Streams, Wetlands, and Watersheds, 12-15, September 2004

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Horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (HSSCW) allows organic matter and nitrogen removal of fish farm effluent prior to streams discharge. The effect of macrophyte species on HSSCW efficiency was tested in ten units in a greenhouse experiment, in summer and winter. Planted units were at least 5% more efficient in pollutant removal than unplanted units in summer and at least 10% in winter. The increase in removal efficiency for planted units was small, mainly because of the low loading conditions of the fish farm effluent. TKN (96% in summer and 88% in winter) and COD (96% in summer) removal were more efficient for Phragmites and Typha, the two species with large rhizomes. Phalaris was more efficient than the others with COD and BOD removal at 95% in winter. Calamagrostis was the least efficient species, with the largest difference being for winter nutrient removal. It was also the species with the lowest belowground: aboveground biomass ratio, around 0.25 compared to above 2 for Typha. Units planted with macrophytes with large belowground biomass showed less seasonal variability.

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“…Small amounts of Calamagrostis occur naturally in openings of mature white spruce forests (Reynolds 1990, Viereck et al 1983. When the trees are harvested, this grass spreads rapidly via a network of roots and rhizomes; this aggressive growth is most likely triggered by a sudden increase in available light (Powelson and Lieffers 1992). Calamagrostis can dominate a harvested site in 3 or 4 years, accounting for 70 percent of the plant cover present, and producing a thick, impenetrable belowground mat.…”

Section: Alder In Mixedspecies Plantationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between white spruce and shrubby alders at three boreal forest sites in Alaska.

Wurtz¹

2000

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On the cover: Distribution of green alder (Alnus crispa (Ait.) Pursh) stems (light green circles) that occurred in the understory of a mature boreal forest stand at Trapper Creek, Alaska, overlain with postharvest plantation of white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) seedlings (darker green symbols). The estimated aboveground biomass of each alder stem is represented by circle diameter, and the size of spruce symbols represents seedling height growth during the first 3 years after planting. The growth of the spruce seedlings was not related to preharvest alder stem locations. In this figure, only the 25 measured seedlings per plot are shown; the plots lacking spruce seedlings entirely are natural regeneration plots. Alders planted with spruce in some of the plots are not shown. To document possible soil nitrogen mosaics before timber harvesting on three boreal forest sites in Alaska, maps of the distribution of understory green (Alnus crispa (Ait.) Pursh) and Sitka alder (A. sitchensis (Reg.) Rydb.) stems were made. Understory alders were regularly distributed throughout the northernmost site (Standard Creek) and very irregularly distributed at the southernmost site (Cooper Landing). No consistent relations existed between alder stem location and total soil nitrogen. In undisturbed forest, soils collected beneath alders tended to have more nitrogen than soils without alder, but after the sites were harvested, soil chemistry differed. To examine the interactions of alder and white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) on secondary successional sites, mixed plantations of white spruce and alder were established after each site was harvested. Despite good survival, the planted alder grew poorly. No differences were found between nursery-grown alder seedlings and alder wildlings in either growth or survival. Although fifth-year survival and growth of white spruce were excellent on all sites, they were not related to either the preharvest distribution of naturally occurring alder or to alders planted in the mixed plantations. Locational information and site maps are provided for future evaluation of these plantations.Keywords: White spruce, green alder, Sitka alder, boreal forest, interior Alaska, mixed-species plantations, nitrogen fixation, alder wildlings, long-term ecosystem productivity.Although alders are ecologically important in the boreal forest, their role in managed forest systems has received little attention. This study examined several aspects of the interactions between two shrubby alder species (Alnus crispa (Ait.) Pursh) and A. sitchensis (Reg.) Rydb.) and white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss), the primary commercial species in the boreal forest of Alaska. First, I mapped the alder stems that occurred naturally in the understory of three mature forest stands and collected soil from beneath alder clumps and from beneath other typical types of vegetation for each site. Soils also were collected after each site was harvested. In undisturbed forest, soils collected beneath alders tended to have more ...

show abstract

Effect of light and nutrients on biomass allocation in Calamagrostis canadensis

Cited by 23 publications

References 20 publications

Grass cover on forest clear-cut areas ameliorates some soil chemical properties

Grass cover on forest clear-cut areas ameliorates some soil chemical properties

Effect of Macrophyte Species on Subsurface Flow Wetland Performance in Cold Climate

Interactions between white spruce and shrubby alders at three boreal forest sites in Alaska.

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