Effect of Leptin on Hypothalamic Release of GnRH and Neurotransmitter Amino Acids During Sexual Maturation in Female Rats

Reynoso, Roxana; Oj, Ponzo; Szwarcfarb, Berta; Rondina, Dora; Carbone, Silvia; Rimoldi, Guillermo; Scacchi, Pablo; Ja, Moguilevsky

doi:10.1055/s-2003-41285

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Besides its central effects, it has been demonstrated that ghrelin can also modulate the reproductive function through its actions on the pituitary and gonads [45]. Ghrelin exerts a negative effect on GnRH neurons [45], whereas leptin regulate and increases GnRH secretion [119]. Central ghrelin injection to ovariectomized rats suppress LH pulse frequency [51].…”

Section: Ghrelinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peptides: Basic determinants of reproductive functions

Çelik¹,

Aydın

Çelik

et al. 2015

Peptides

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Section: Ghrelinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[45,119] Although neuron-specific insulin receptorknockout (NIRKO) mice exhibit hypogonadism selective ablation of IR on GnRH neurons does not affect the fertility.…”

Section: Study Observations Interpretation Of Data Published Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peptides: Basic determinants of reproductive functions

Çelik¹,

Aydın

Çelik

et al. 2015

Peptides

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“…A requirement for such a factor is that mutations in its gene, whether in human and/or mouse models, must result in infertility or significant reproductive dysfunction. Leptin fulfills both of these requirements as shown by the infertility of leptin-deficient mice and humans and their leptin mediated rescue (Chehab et al 1996; Farooqi et al 1999; Gibson, et al 2004) as well as its indirect stimulation of GnRH (Nagatani, et al 1998; Reynoso, et al 2003) and the potentiation of LH release from pituitary gonadotropes in the presence of GnRH (Avelino-Cruz, et al 2009). Leptin also appears to exert GnRH independent effects on the reproductive system as shown by its ability to induce ovulation in GnRH deficient mice (Barkan, et al 2005), an intriguing but interesting finding.…”

Section: I- Leptin In Pubertymentioning

confidence: 99%

20 YEARS OF LEPTIN: Leptin and reproduction: past milestones, present undertakings, and future endeavors

Chehab

2014

Journal of Endocrinology

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The association between leptin and reproduction originated with the leptin-mediated correction of sterility in ob/ob mice and initiation of reproductive function in normal female mice. The uncovering of a central leptin pathway regulating food intake prompted the dissection of neuroendocrine mechanisms involving leptin in the metabolic control of reproduction. The absence of leptin receptors on GnRH neurons incited a search for intermediary neurons situated between leptin responsive and GnRH neurons. This review addresses the most significant findings that have furthered our understanding of recent progress in this new field. The role of leptin in puberty was impacted by the discovery of neurons that co-express kisspeptin, neurokinin B and dynorphin and that could act as leptin intermediates. Furthermore, the identification of first-order leptin-responsive neurons in the premammilary ventral nucleus and other brain regions opens new avenues to explore their relationship to GnRH neurons. Central to these advances is the unveiling that AgRP/NPY neurons project onto GnRH and kisspeptin neurons, allowing a crosstalk between food intake and reproduction. Finally, whereas puberty is a state of leptin sensitivity, mid-gestation represents a state of leptin resistance aimed at building energy stores to sustain pregnancy and lactation. Mechanisms underlying leptin resistance in pregnancy have lagged, however the establishment of this natural state is significant. Reproduction and energy balance are tightly controlled and backed up by redundant mechanisms that are critical for the survival of our species. It will be the goal of the next decade to shed new light on these complex and essential pathways.

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“…It has been suggested that an increase in serum leptin is associated with the onset of puberty. In previous studies we have demonstrated that leptin administration increases Gn-RH release in female rats during sexual maturation [10][11][12] . Leptin release is under neural control; the sympathetic nervous system exerts an inhibitory tonic effect on leptin release mediated predominantly by ␣ -adrenergic and, to a lesser extent, by ␤ -adrenergic receptors that are still present and may be augmented by LPS [13] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide on the Reproductive Axis of Prepubertal and Peripubertal Female Rats

Reynoso

Ponzo²,

Cardoso³

et al. 2008

Neuroimmunomodulation

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The immune, endocrine and nervous systems are closely interrelated, which allows the organism to respond to different types of stress such as infection. Chronic infectious and inflammatory conditions are often accompanied by an impaired reproductive function. Leptin, a hormone produced by adipose tissue, exerts a regulatory function on the reproductive axis. It has homology with other proinflammatory cytokines and could be modified by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Therefore, these studies were designed to investigate the effect of LPS administration on the neuroendocrine mechanisms involved in the regulation of the reproductive axis during sexual maturation. Fifteen- and 30-day-old female rats were injected with a single dose of LPS 250 µg/kg (i.p.) and then nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, hypothalamic excitatory/inhibitory amino acids and Gn-RH content, serum LH and leptin concentration were studied. In 15-day-old female rats LPS treatment did not modify hypothalamic inducible (iNOS) and constitutive (cNOS) NOS activity, Gn-RH, glutamate (GLU) and GABA content. Also serum LH and leptin levels were not modified. In 30-day-old rats LPS increased iNOS and cNOS activity (p < 0.001) and hypothalamic Gn-RH content (p < 0.001). At this age hypothalamic GABA content was significantly decreased (p < 0.001) without changes in GLU content, and serum LH (p < 0.001) and leptin (p < 0.0001) decreased significantly. In summary, current studies have demonstrated that LPS administration to 15- and 30-day-old female rats results in a different response of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis and of the adipose tissue, demonstrating an ontogenic response of the immune-neuroendocrine system to LPS administration.

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Effect of Leptin on Hypothalamic Release of GnRH and Neurotransmitter Amino Acids During Sexual Maturation in Female Rats

Cited by 23 publications

References 17 publications

Peptides: Basic determinants of reproductive functions

Peptides: Basic determinants of reproductive functions

20 YEARS OF LEPTIN: Leptin and reproduction: past milestones, present undertakings, and future endeavors

Effect of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide on the Reproductive Axis of Prepubertal and Peripubertal Female Rats

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