Effect of lacrimal punctal occlusion on tear production and tear fluorescein dilution in normal dogs

Abstract

Lacrimal punctal silicone plugs are retained for 8-23 days in the lower, upper, and combined lower and upper canaliculi at high rates. Effects on STT levels appear limited. Fluorescein within the tear film persists longer with all different positioned lacrimal punctum plugs than in the control eyes.

Temporary occlusion of the inferior lacrimal punctum and canaliculi of dogs with n-butyl-cyanoacrylate and 2-octyl-cyanoacrylate

“…After 6 months of evaluation, only one animal in each group was tested positive for Jones' test, suggesting loss of obstruction. These results are still highly superior to the time of occlusion observed by GELATT et al (2006) when using silicone plugs.…”

“…The use of a 24G catheter in this study, however; proved to be simple, safe and quick to use as it did not require adaptors such as those reported in the study by ROSA et al (2012) with the use of hypodermic needles. The Schirmer's Tear test is the most commonly used method to quantify tear production (BERGE & KING, 1998;WILLIAMS, 2005;GELATT et al, 2006;GELATT, 2007). Commercial strips are available at the standard size of 35mm thus, in this study; this represented the maximum value recorded, even though in some cases it may not have represented the actual volume of tear accumulated in the conjuctival sac of the eyes subjected to occlusion.…”

Tear ferning test in healthy dogs

“…In this way, the homogeneity and inclusion criteria adopted for the animals contributed to the reduction in possible variables, which yielded data that can improve our understanding of use of the TFT in dogs. It is worth mentioning that collection procedures for groups in this study were performed at 60 min after the STT‐1 from the ophthalmic examination, to provide enough time not to collect reflex tears and thus allow sufficient time for the tear film replenish, according to referred for fluorescein clearance in dogs (45 minutes for 0.14% of remaining fluorescein) and tear turnover time of 7 min in horses and of 3–6 minutes in humans …”

Effect of auriculopalpebral nerve block on Schirmer tear test I values in normal horses

“…Another source of variability that may have affected our results is the patency of the nasolacrimal duct. In small animals, a decrease in the patency of the nasolacrimal duct has been associated with increased STT I values . No horse in our study had clinical evidence of nasolacrimal duct obstruction, but a Jones test was not performed.…”