Effect of L-citrulline supplementation on blood glucose level and lipid profile in high-fat diet - and dexamethasone-induced type-2 diabetes in male wistar rats

Danboyi, Timothy; Alhassan, Abdullahi Bala; Jimoh, A.; Hassan-Danboyi, Evelyn

doi:10.4103/njecp.njecp_23_20

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…L-citrulline is a naturally occurring non-essential amino acid, which is produced from arginine as a by-product of reactions catalyzed by the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) family. A study on hypercholesterolemia has shown that L-citrulline has favorable effects regarding the lowering of cholesterol and blood lipids, including lowering serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, while HDL-C ( 38 ). It was found that the level of L-citrulline in hyperlipidemic mice was decreased, suggesting that the arginine metabolic pathway was disturbed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypolipidemic mechanism of Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharides in high-fat diet-induced obese mice based on metabolomics

et al. 2023

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ObjectiveIn this study, the structure of Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharides (PEPs) was characterized, and the mechanism of PEP on obesity and hyperlipidemia induced by high-fat diet was evaluated by metabonomic analysis.MethodsThe structure of PEPs were characterized by monosaccharide composition, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetry. In animal experiments, H&E staining was used to observe the morphological difference of epididymal adipose tissue of mice in each group. Ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)-(QE) HFX -mass spectrometry (MS) was used to analyze the difference of metabolites in serum of mice in each group and the related metabolic pathways.ResultsThe PEPs contained nine monosaccharides: 1.05% fucose, 0.30% arabinose, 17.94% galactose, 53.49% glucose, 1.24% xylose, 23.32% mannose, 1.30% ribose, 0.21%galacturonic acid, and 1.17% glucuronic acid. The PEPs began to degrade at 251°C (T0), while the maximum thermal degradation rate temperature (Tm) appeared at 300°C. The results histopathological observation demonstrated that the PEPs had signifificant hypolipidemic activities. After PEPs intervention, the metabolic profile of mice changed significantly. A total of 29 different metabolites were selected as adjunctive therapy to PEPs, for treatment of obesity and hyperlipidemia-related complications caused by a high-fat diet. These metabolites include amino acids, unsaturated fatty acids, choline, glycerol phospholipids, and other endogenous compounds, which can prevent and treat obesity and hyperlipidemia caused by a high-fat diet by regulating amino acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and changes in metabolic pathways such as that involved in the citric cycle (TCA cycle).ConclusionsThe presented results indicate that PEPs treatment can alleviate the obesity and hyperlipidemia caused by a high-fat diet and, thus, may be used as a functional food adjuvant, providing a theoretical basis and technical guidance for the prevention and treatment of high-fat diet-induced obesity and hyperlipidemia.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypolipidemic mechanism of Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharides in high-fat diet-induced obese mice based on metabolomics

et al. 2023

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“…Cit increases insulin secretion from the pancreatic β cells, 115 improves insulin sensitivity, 155 and has antihyperten sives, [61][62][63] antihyperglycemic, 61 antidyslipidemic, 61,64 and antioxidant 65 effects. In vitro studies indicate that Cit (100 μM) increases insulin release in the presence of 8.3 mM glucose from isolated islets of Wistar rats.…”

Section: Metabolic Effects Of L-citrulline In T2dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In vitro studies indicate that Cit (100 μM) increases insulin release in the presence of 8.3 mM glucose from isolated islets of Wistar rats. 115 In vivo animal studies indicate that Cit administration in T2D increases circulating NO metabolites (NOx), Cit, and Arg concentrations, 156,157 increases plasma insulin levels, 158 decreases circulating glucose, 61,156 and free fatty acid (FFA), 156 and improves dyslipidemia 61 (Table 3). Administration of watermelon juice, a rich source of Cit, to male ZDF rats for 4 weeks decreased serum glucose by ~22% (410.8 ± 8.1 vs 320.7 ± 10.3 mg/dl, p < 0.05) and serum FFA by approximately 18% (1.53 ± 0.07 vs 1.26 ± 0.08 mM, p < 0.05).…”

Section: Metabolic Effects Of L-citrulline In T2dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…156 Cit administration to type 2 diabetic male Wistar rats at doses of 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg, significantly lowered fasting serum glucose from 210.5 ± 3.9, 214.5 ± 7.6, and 201.3 ± 1.5 on day 0 to 192.5 ± 3.4, 181.8 ± 1.2, and 174.8 ± 2.8 mg/dl on day 22, respectively. 61 In addition, Cit (400 mg/kg for 21 days) markedly decreased concentrations of total cholesterol (TC, 149 Abbreviations: Arg, L-arginine; Dex, dexamethasone; FFA, free fatty acid; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HFD, high-fat diet; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; MDA, malondialdehyde; NO, nitric oxide; NR, not reported; TAC, total antioxidant capacity; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; T2D, type 2 diabetes; ZFDM rats are derived from Zucker fatty rats and were generated by the repeated mating of male fatty (fa/fa) and female lean (fa/+) rats.…”

Section: Metabolic Effects Of L-citrulline In T2dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…56,57 Polypharmacy is associated with increased drug side-effects 58 (e.g., higher risk of bone fracture and depression 59 ), lower quality of life, and higher healthcare costs. 60 The therapeutic effects of Cit against oxidative stress, hyperglycemia, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, and insulin resistance have been reported in experimental [61][62][63][64] and clinical studies [65][66][67][68][69][70][71] in both males [61][62][63][64][66][67][68][69][70][71] and females. [67][68][69][70][71] Therefore, Cit can potentially act as a onedrug-multi-target agent in patients with T2D.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolic effects of L‐citrulline in type 2 diabetes

et al. 2023

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The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing worldwide. Decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability is involved in the pathophysiology of T2D and its complications. L‐citrulline (Cit), a precursor of NO production, has been suggested as a novel therapeutic agent for T2D. Available data from human and animal studies indicate that Cit supplementation in T2D increases circulating levels of Cit and L‐arginine while decreasing circulating glucose and free fatty acids and improving dyslipidemia. The underlying mechanisms for these beneficial effects of Cit include increased insulin secretion from the pancreatic β cells, increased glucose uptake by the skeletal muscle, as well as increased lipolysis and β‐oxidation, and decreased glyceroneogenesis in the adipose tissue. Thus, Cit has antihyperglycemic, antidyslipidemic, and antioxidant effects and has the potential to be used as a new therapeutic agent in the management of T2D. This review summarizes available literature from human and animal studies to explore the effects of Cit on metabolic parameters in T2D. It also discusses the possible mechanisms underlying Cit‐induced improved metabolic parameters in T2D.

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