Effect of isospin-dependent cluster recognition on the observables in heavy ion collisions

Zhang, Yingxun; Li, Zhuxia; Zhou, Caijin; Tsang, M. B.

doi:10.1103/physrevc.85.051602

Cited by 51 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…This concept gives results similar to those demonstrated in the fireball model of Gaitanos et al [25] and further verified by QMD in last couple of years to date [17,18]. There is another way to define the OR, QP, and QT matter on the basis of different rapidity cuts [8,17]. However, both these definitions have been reported to give the same results [8,17].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…The latter part is still an unanswered question in spite of recent findings in terms of neutron-proton elliptic flow ratio and difference [13,14]. However, the former one is understood to some extent [7][8][9][10][11], although more efforts are needed for precise measurements. In this contest, in the year 2011, the Symmetry Energy project (SEP) is started at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL) at Michigan State University (MSU) in collaboration with European as well as Asian countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considerable progress has been made in determining the sub-and suprasaturation density behavior of the symmetry energy [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. The latter part is still an unanswered question in spite of recent findings in terms of neutron-proton elliptic flow ratio and difference [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlation and isospin dynamics of participant-spectator matter in neutron-rich colliding nuclei at 50 MeV/nucleon

Kumar

Zhang

2012

Phys. Rev. C

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The sensitivities of isospin asymmetry and collision geometry dependencies of participant (overlapping region)spectator (quasiprojectile and quasitarget region) matter towards the symmetry energy using the isospin quantum molecular dynamical model are explored. Particularly, the difference of the number of nucleons in the overlapping zone to the quasi-projectile-target matter is found to be quite sensitive to the symmetry energy at semiperipheral geometries compared to the individual yield. It gives us a clue that this quantity can be used as a measure of isospin migration. Further, the yield of neutrons (charge of the second-largest fragment) is provided as a tool for overlapping region (quasi-projectile-target) matter to check the sensitivity of the above-mentioned observable towards the symmetry energy experimentally.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlation and isospin dynamics of participant-spectator matter in neutron-rich colliding nuclei at 50 MeV/nucleon

Kumar

Zhang

2012

Phys. Rev. C

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“…In this afterburner the nucleons with relative momenta δp < P 0 and relative distances δr < R 0 will be considered to belong to one cluster. Effects of binding energy, isospin, etc., could be taken into account [18,19] but are ignored in the current work for simplicity. And, baryons other than nucleons could be treated in a similar way.…”

Section: Introduction and Model Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapidity distribution of protons from the potential version of UrQMD model and the traditional coalescence afterburner

Wang

et al. 2016

Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron.

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Rapidity distributions of both E895 proton data at AGS energies and NA49 net proton data at SPS energies can be described reasonably well with a potential version of the UrQMD in which mean-field potentials for both pre-formed hadrons and confined baryons are considered, with the help of a traditional coalescence afterburner in which one parameter set for both relative distance R 0 and relative momentum P 0 , (3.8 fm, 0.3 GeV/c), is used. Because of the large cancellation between the expansion in R 0 and the shrinkage in P 0 through the Lorentz transformation, the relativistic effect in clusters has little effect on the rapidity distribution of free (net) protons. Using a WoodsSaxon-like function instead of a pure logarithmic function as seen by FOPI collaboration at SIS energies, one can fit well both the data at SIS energies and the UrQMD calculation results at AGS and SPS energies. Further, it is found that for central Au+Au or Pb+Pb collisions at top SIS, SPS and RHIC energies, the proton fractions in clusters are about 33%, 10%, and 0.7%, respectively.

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“…Such a clustering phenomenon may exist in the crust of neutron stars [15][16][17][18][19], in core-collapse supernovae [20,21], and even in heavy-ion collisions [22][23][24][25][26]. It is thus interesting to consider the clustering effects on the properties of nuclear matter under various conditions of density, temperature and isospin asymmetry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low density nuclear matter with light clusters in a generalized nonlinear relativistic mean-field model

Zhang

Chen

2017

Phys. Rev. C

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We systematically investigate the thermodynamic properties of homogeneous nuclear matter with light clusters at low densities and finite temperatures using a generalized nonlinear relativistic meanfield (gNL-RMF) model, in which light clusters up to α (1 ≤ A ≤ 4) are included as explicit degrees of freedom and treated as point-like particles with their interactions described by meson exchanges and the medium effects on the cluster binding energies are described by density-and temperaturedependent energy shifts with the parameters obtained by fitting the experimental cluster Mott densities. We find that the composition of low density nuclear matter with light clusters is essentially determined by the density-and temperature-dependence of the cluster binding energy shifts. Compared with the values of the conventional (second-order) symmetry energy, symmetry free energy and symmetry entropy, their fourth-order values are found to be significant at low densities (n ∼ 10 −3 fm −3 ) and low temperatures (T 3 MeV), indicating the invalidity of the empirical parabolic law for the isospin asymmetry dependence of these nuclear matter properties. Our results indicate that in the density region of n 0.02 fm −3 , the clustering effects become insignificant and the nuclear matter is dominated by nucleon degree of freedom. In addition, we compare the gNL-RMF model predictions with the corresponding experimental data on the symmetry energy and symmetry free energy at low densities and finite temperatures extracted from heavy-ion collisions, and reasonable agreement is found.

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Effect of isospin-dependent cluster recognition on the observables in heavy ion collisions

Cited by 51 publications

References 44 publications

Correlation and isospin dynamics of participant-spectator matter in neutron-rich colliding nuclei at 50 MeV/nucleon

Correlation and isospin dynamics of participant-spectator matter in neutron-rich colliding nuclei at 50 MeV/nucleon

Rapidity distribution of protons from the potential version of UrQMD model and the traditional coalescence afterburner

Low density nuclear matter with light clusters in a generalized nonlinear relativistic mean-field model

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