Effect of Iron/Titania-Based Nanomaterials on the Dielectric Properties of Mineral Oil, Natural and Synthetic Esters as Transformers Insulating Fluid

Abstract

There is a need to develop upgraded insulant which offers superior dielectric properties than mineral oil in terms of cooling, insulation, and efficient functioning under extreme weather conditions. These oils are nanofluids that are synthesized by dispersing nanoparticles in the oil. These fluids are tested with their ability to withstand various faults under operating conditions by determining the dielectric and electrical properties like ac breakdown strength, relative permittivity, and dielectric dissipation factor. A comparison between nanoparticles and their effect on insulating oils has been widely discussed and presented. In this study, three nanoparticles namely Fe3O4, TiO2, and Fe-Cu are dispersed in three different types of oils namely mineral oil (i.e., transformer oil used as insulating liquid in transformers), synthetic ester oil (i.e., pentaerythritol ester), and rapeseed oil (natural-ester transformer fluid). These nanofluids are considered upgraded insulant due to its superior insulation characteristics compared to pure mineral oil. Synthetic ester-based oils and natural rapeseed oil are tested for insulation capabilities for better results, which show they have all the potential to replace transformer oil in high voltage equipments.

Influence of Area and Volume Effect on Dielectric Behaviour of the Mineral Oil-Based Nanofluids

“…The breakdown voltage is improved due to the addition of nanoparticles that can be attributed to the excellent dielectric property of solid particles. The nanoparticles act as a perfect dielectric when introduced into the oil and improves the dielectric strength of the oils [9]. However, the addition of nanoparticles with different sizes and concentrations may affect the AC breakdown characteristics of mineral oil.…”

“…For a high voltage power transmission, it is required to discover such an insulant that can provide an excellent insulation requirement and cooling. Upgraded insulants not only reduce the size of the insulation but also give better performance under extreme fault conditions [9]. In this era of transmitting extra-high and ultra-high voltage power, we require such insulation that not only provides the required dielectric properties, but also works as a superior smart insulant.…”

An Experimental Study and Statistical Analysis on the Electrical Properties of Synthetic Ester-Based Nanofluids

“…Six individual nanofluid samples were prepared by including ZnO and CuO nanomaterials, i.e., with three different concentrations of each nanoparticle, i.e., 0.01 wt%, 0.02 wt%, and 0.04 wt% in pure SE oil. The two steps method is used in the present work to prepare nanofluids as it is a commercial and widely accepted method [14,15]. The nanofluid preparation method involves various physical and thermal processes that consist of stirring and ultrasonication of prepared samples to homogeneously mix nanoparticles in the pure SE oil as shown in Figure 3.…”

Electric Capacitors Based on Silicone Oil and Iron Oxide Microfibres: Effects of the Magnetic Field on the Electrical Susceptance and Conductance

“…Various types of electrical capacitors are known, each defined by the dielectric material used. For instance, some capacitors utilize dielectric materials such as oil-impregnated paper [17], mineral oil [18], or nonlinear dielectric materials [19,20]. Another category includes electrolytic capacitors, where both the electrodes and the dielectric material are produced using nanotechnology processes [21,22].…”