Effect of Iron Deficiency on Gas Exchange and Catalase and Peroxidase Activity in Citrus

Chouliaras, Vassilios; Therios, Ioannis; Molassiotis, Athanassios; Patakas, Angelos; Diamantidis, Grigorios

doi:10.1081/lpla-200034638

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Stress stimulates ROS production, and plants react to this stress by synthesizing GPX to neutralize the oxidative environment. In citrus plants, the Fe-related reduction in POD activity coincides with a reduced catalase activity (Chouliaras et al, 2004;Forner-Giner et al, 2010), because both enzymes are involved in H 2 O 2 metabolism. This indicates that the reduced levels of POD activity in the roots and leaves of the plants grown in Fedeficient soils (16.98 and 13.49 mmolÁg -1 Áh -1 Fe 2+ fresh weight, respectively, in the roots and the leaves, indicated in Table 4) lead to increased ROS levels, which could lead to oxidative stress.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Transcriptomic Analysis of Sensitive and Tolerant Citrus Rootstocks under Natural Iron Deficiency Conditions

Licciardello¹,

Torrisi²,

Allegra³

et al. 2013

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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Iron chlorosis is one of the most serious abiotic stresses affecting citrus (Citrus sp.) culture in the Mediterranean Basin. A trial was performed with potted tolerant and sensitive rootstocks that were grown in volcanic and calcareous soils. Microarray analysis allowed for the identification of differentially expressed genes putatively involved in iron (Fe) deficiency. Most of the differentially expressed genes isolated from the root tips were of unknown function; the remaining genes were related to the oxidative stress response (e.g., glutathione peroxidase), hormone metabolism and signaling (e.g., small auxin up RNA family protein genes), biological regulation, protein turnover, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (e.g., aconitase). Additionally, the majority of the Fe stress-related genes expressed in the sensitive Swingle citrumelo (Citrus paradisi × Poncirus trifoliata) and tolerant Carrizo citrange (Citrus sinensis × P. trifoliata) rootstocks identified using real-time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were related to regulation, the oxidative stress response, and hormone metabolism and signaling, thereby confirming the array data. Furthermore, validation of the differentially expressed genes in seven tolerant and sensitive rootstocks grown in a field trial under chlorotic conditions was performed. In general, the gene expression profiles reflect the different responses of rootstocks, possibly as a result of the various genetic mechanisms involved in the response to Fe deficiency. Moreover, the expression of aconitase was analyzed in the roots and juice to evaluate the implication of the different aconitase isoforms (Aco), which are derived from specific cellular compartments, in the different tissues. The involvement of the mitochondrial isoform (Aco2) was directly correlated with the acidity of the juice, whereas the cytosolic one (Aco3), which corresponds to the aconitase isolated during the microarray analysis, was found specifically in the roots.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Absorbance changes were recorded at 590 nm using a spectrophotometer (ultraviolet-1601; Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) at room temperature. One unit of POD activity was defined as an increase of one unit of absorbance per minute (Chouliaras et al, 2004).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Transcriptomic Analysis of Sensitive and Tolerant Citrus Rootstocks under Natural Iron Deficiency Conditions

Licciardello¹,

Torrisi²,

Allegra³

et al. 2013

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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“…The antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and peroxidase are heme enzymes that catalyse degradation of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) into water. The activity of these enzymes declines under the low iron supply (Chouliaras, Therios, Molassiotis, Patakas, & Diamantidis, ). Seed priming with n‐Fe 2 O 3 might have enhanced these enzyme activities or it might have increased the scavenging of ROS produced under salinity stress by Fenton reaction (Das & Roychoudhury, ), leading to increased membrane integrity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed treatment with nano‐iron (III) oxide enhances germination, seeding growth and salinity tolerance of sorghum

Maswada

Djanaguiraman

Prasad

2018

J Agronomy Crop Science

125

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In recent decades, nanoparticles have been intensively applied in agriculture. Two experiments were carried out to demonstrate the potential of nano‐iron oxide (n‐Fe2O3) as seed treatment (soaking and priming) at different concentrations (0, 10, 50, 100 and 500 mg/L) for enhancing sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) germination and seedling growth under non‐stressed conditions (Experiment I), and to investigate the impacts of n‐Fe2O3 seed priming treatments (0, 10, 50, 100 and 500 mg/L) on growth, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a fluorescence, gas exchange, water relations and lipid peroxidation under salt stress (150 mmol NaCl solution) (Experiment II). Results indicated that seed soaking with n‐Fe2O3 at 10 mg/L was the best treatment in improving speed and per cent of germination, while seed priming with n‐Fe2O3 at 50 and 100 mg/L was the most effective treatment in improving seedling (12 days old) growth. Salt stress decreased chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, relative water content, osmotic potential and growth, along with increased lipid peroxidation. Among chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters, the photosynthetic performance index of PSII (PIABS) was the most salt‐responsive. Seed priming with n‐Fe2O3 at 500 mg/L increased sorghum growth (45 days old), through increased photosystem II efficiency, chlorophyll index, photosynthetic rate and relative water content with decreased lipid peroxidation. Overall, this study indicated that use of n‐Fe2O3 as a pre‐sowing seed treatment can enhance germination and seedling growth of sorghum and protect from negative impacts of salinity stress.

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“…Evaluation of growth and yield parameters may not be sufficient to rank citrus rootstocks according to their tolerance to Fe chlorosis (Pestana et al, 2003(Pestana et al, , 2005. In this respect, physiological parameters like leaf chlorophyll, CO 2 gas exchange, and chlorophyll a fluorescence emission are known to be affected in leaves of trees that are not tolerant to Fe chlorosis or calcareous soils (Baveresco et al, 2006;Chouliaras et al, 2004;Larbi et al, 2006;Molassiotis et al, 2006;Morales et al, 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

Rootstock Effects on Leaf Photosynthesis in ‘Navelina’ Trees Grown in Calcareous Soil

González‐Mas¹,

Llosá²,

Quijano³

et al. 2009

horts

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Citrus crops in the Mediterranean region are often grown in high pH calcareous soils, which promote nutrient imbalances, especially iron deficiency. ‘Navelina’ trees grafted on eight different citrus rootstocks were assessed in terms of their relative tolerance to these soils. To do so, leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters were measured for 2 consecutive years in leaves without visible injury symptoms. Trees were grown on the rootstocks Carrizo citrange, hybrids of Cleopatra mandarin × Poncirus trifoliata no. 5 (F-A 5), 13 (F-A 13), and 16 (030116), Troyer citrange × common mandarin no. 18 (F-A 418), King mandarin × P. trifoliata no. 7 (F-A 517), 020324 (Troyer citrange × Cleopatra mandarin), and Volkamer lemon × P. trifoliata no. 64 (230164). gS and transpiration rate were clearly lower in leaves of shoots grafted on Carrizo citrange than in those on the other rootstocks assayed, but net photosynthetic flux did not differ. However, leaves of shoots on Carrizo citrange displayed a decline in their maximum quantum yield of PSII photochemistry [variable fluorescence/maximum fluorescence (Fv/Fm) ratio] and other chlorophyll parameters in the steady state such as photochemical quenching (qP) and the quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry (ΦPSII) as well as an increase in nonphotochemical quenching (qN). Other rootstocks such as 030116, F-A 517 and, especially, F-A 5 showed the highest ΦPSII and Fv/Fm values, whereas F-A 5 had the lowest qN in the steady state. The photosynthetic characteristics observed in leaves on Carrizo citrange showed them to be the least tolerant to these calcareous conditions, whereas photosynthesis of ‘Navelina’ trees budded on F-A 5 were the most tolerant.

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Effect of Iron Deficiency on Gas Exchange and Catalase and Peroxidase Activity in Citrus

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

A Transcriptomic Analysis of Sensitive and Tolerant Citrus Rootstocks under Natural Iron Deficiency Conditions

A Transcriptomic Analysis of Sensitive and Tolerant Citrus Rootstocks under Natural Iron Deficiency Conditions

Seed treatment with nano‐iron (III) oxide enhances germination, seeding growth and salinity tolerance of sorghum

Rootstock Effects on Leaf Photosynthesis in ‘Navelina’ Trees Grown in Calcareous Soil

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