Effect of Intravenous Histamine, Allergen <i>(Ascaris suum</i> Extract) and Compound 48/80 and Inhaled Allergen-Aerosol on Bronchoconstriction and Histamine Release

Abstract

The effect of a histamine releaser (48/80), an antigen (Ascaris suum extract) and of exogenous histamine infusion on antigen aerosol-induced bronchoconstriction was investigated in 24 mongrel dogs. During these substance infusions, the high values of arterial plasma histamine did not correlate with the degree of bronchoconstriction. Further, a severe bronchoconstriction with a relatively low arterial plasma histamine concentration was observed during antigen inhalation. During substance inhalation, a high local concentration of histamine is assumed to explain the increased bronchial ‘sensitivity’ to actual plasma levels of histamine. Also, the responsiveness of the bronchial tree to antigen aerosol was observed to be reduced 90 min after induction of a strong histamine release. The importance of histamine in the first phase of immediate hypersensitivity is discussed.

Complementary Therapies in Allergic Rhinitis

“…Although it may seem inconsistent to use an extract that contains histamine to treat allergic rhinitis, subcutaneous and intravenous injections of histamine have been previously used to treat several allergic conditions such as cold urticaria with associated anaphylaxis, migraine, cluster headache associated with vasomotor rhinitis, penicillin reaction, and allergic arthritis [12]. It is also known that during allergen exposure, low plasma histamine levels, and not high plasma histamine levels, are associated with severe reactions [13]. A prospective, double-blind, comparative study of 69 allergic arthritis patients noted a significant benefit with UD versus placebo [14].…”

Immediate Allergic and Nonallergic Reactivity of the Airways in <i>Ascaris</i> Skin-Sensitive Sheep

“…A large number of mediators have been demonstrated to be involved in im mediate responses to allergen in atopic asthmatics. Mast cells carrying high-affinity IgE receptors, macrophages, eosinophils, platelets and lymphocytes with low-affinity IgE receptors release preformed mediators and generate prostanoids and leukotricncs after allergen contact [26][27][28], Activated cells may cause a secondary mediator pro duction and release from cells without surface IgE recep tors. Our results support the view that histamine, released from tracheopulmonary mast cells, may be the primary mediator involved in immediate allergen response.…”

Histamine: metabolism, physiology, and pathophysiology with applications in veterinary medicine

“…59 In the acute phase response of asthma in humans, IgEmediated activation of mast cells and basophils releases histamine and other proinflammatory mediators (serotonin and chemotactic factors) resulting in an increased concentration of these factors in the plasma and an increase in airway resistance. 60 In addition, these mediators rapidly cause vasodilation, an increase in vascular permeability, an inflammatory cell influx, and smooth muscle contraction.…”