Effect of insecticide-treated bed net usage on under-five mortality in northern Ghana

Afoakwah, Clifford; Nunoo, Jacob; Andoh, Francis Kwaw

doi:10.1186/s12936-015-0827-8

Cited by 22 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…shows that malaria is no longer the only major cause of fever in patients as there are evidence of declining burden in the in Ghana [16] [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With evidence of declining malaria burden, it is very pertinent that test-based malaria diagnoses and treatment be practiced to prevent the non-treatment of other fatal causes of fever especially in children [16] [17]. Since challenges with microscopy are very common in most hospitals and health centers in Ghana, malaria RDT has been deployed to aid in the diagnoses and treatment of malaria.…”

Section: /8 Oalib Journalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Malaria Positive Rapid Diagnostic Test and Antimalarial Treatment in Patients with Fevers in the Accident and Emergency Unit of Effia Nkwanta Regional Hospital, Western Region, Ghana

Orish¹,

Ofori-Amoah²,

Afeke³

et al. 2016

OALib

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Background: Rapid diagnostic test (RDT) is a simpler, easy to read malaria diagnostic test. It was introduced by the World Health Organization (WHO) to supplement the use of microscopy and can be used alone in areas where microscopy is unavailable. Its introduction was necessary to maintain the WHO test-based treatment protocol for malaria, as dependence of microscopy which is the gold standard is not possible in many areas in Sub-Saharan Africa which lack the wherewithal to run efficient laboratory services. WHO strongly recommends that only patients with parasitological confirmation of malaria should be treated with antimalarial drugs. In this study, the prevalence of malaria positive RDT and antimalarial treatment was evaluated in patients presenting with fevers at the outpatient section of the accident and emergency unit of the Effia Nkwanta Regional Hospital, Ghana. Methodology: This was a retrospective study carried out in the outpatient section of the accident emergency unit of Effia Nkwanta Regional Hospital. The outpatient register was reviewed from October 2014 to March 2015, for patients who came with fever. Data on demographics, malaria RDT status and antimalarial treatment were collected and analyzed. Result: A total of 607 patients with fever had their RDT performed. Of these, 131 (21.58%) were positive for malaria while 467 (78.42%) were negative. Out of the 131 tested positive, 55 represented patients above 12 years and 76 represent children

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“…shows that malaria is no longer the only major cause of fever in patients as there are evidence of declining burden in the in Ghana [16] [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: /8 Oalib Journalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Malaria Positive Rapid Diagnostic Test and Antimalarial Treatment in Patients with Fevers in the Accident and Emergency Unit of Effia Nkwanta Regional Hospital, Western Region, Ghana

Orish¹,

Ofori-Amoah²,

Afeke³

et al. 2016

OALib

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“…National malaria control programmes across the globe distribute ITNs free of cost to improve ownership and utilization of ITNs. Bed nets have been shown to reduce under-five mortality by 18.8% in Ghana [4] and by 55% in combination with indoor residual spraying [5]. However, poor utilization of ITNs is a major concern, as reported in several studies from Africa [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of insecticide-treated bed nets and care-seeking for fever and its associated socio-demographic and geographical factors among under-five children in different regions: evidence from the Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey, 2015–2016

Min

Maung

Oo³

et al. 2020

Malar J

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Background: Malaria is one of the top-five contributors to under-5 deaths in Myanmar. Use of insecticide-treated nets (ITN) and receiving early appropriate care in case of fever are the core interventions to prevent malaria and its complications and thereby deaths. This study aimed to assess among the under-five children, (a) utilization of ITNs and its associated factors, (b) care-seeking behaviour among their caregivers and its associated factors and uptake of malaria testing among those with fever in the last 2 weeks. Methods: This was a cross sectional study using secondary analysis of Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey (MDHS) conducted in 2015-2016. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore the factors associated with non-utilization of ITNs and not seeking care for fever. Effect sizes have been presented using odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Data analysis was done using svyset command in STATA to account for the multi-stage sampling design of the survey. Results: Of 4597 alive under-five children, 80.5% did not sleep under an ITN last night. The factors significantly associated with non-utilization of ITNs were residing in malaria elimination regions (aOR = 2.0, 1.3-3.2), urban residence (aOR = 1.8, 1.2-2.9), staying in delta region (aOR = 8.7, 4.7-12.2), hilly region (aOR = 3.0, 2.0-4.6, and having highest wealth quintile (aOR = 1.8, 1.1-3.0). Around 16% had fever in the last 2 weeks, of whom 66.7% sought care for fever and 3% got tested for malaria. Nearly half (50.9%) of the caregivers sought care from a government health facility, followed by private hospital/doctor (27.8%), shop (8.0%), village health worker (4.4%) and pharmacy (3.1%). The factors associated with not seeking care for fever were residing in specific geographical locations (hilly, delta and central plains compared to coastal region) and having lowest wealth quintile (aOR = 2.3, 1.1-5.7). Conclusions: This study highlighted that ownership and utilization of ITNs was very poor among under-5children. Care-seeking behaviour of the caregivers of under-5 children in case of fever was dismal with two-thirds not seeking care. The programme should seriously consider addressing these barriers if Myanmar is to achieve zero malaria deaths by 2030.

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“…The consequence of malaria infection on children suffering affects their physical growth, mental development and overall economic development of the country (16,17). Above all, they were responsible for about 60% of infection to mosquito vector for the transmission of the disease in all seasons (18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Lasting Insecticide-treated Bed Net Ownership, Utilization and Associated Factors Among School-age Children in Dara Mallo and Uba Debretsehay Districts, Southern Ethiopia

Zerdo

Bastiaens

Anthierens

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Malaria is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality among school-aged children (SAC) in Sub-Saharan Africa. SAC account for more than 60% of the reservoir of malaria transmission, but they were given less emphasis on prioritizing malaria prevention interventions. This study was aimed at assessing the ownership of bed nets, its utilization and factors associated with ownership of bed nets by households and bed net utilization among SAC in malaria prone areas of Dara Mallo and Uba Debretsehay districts in Southern Ethiopia, October to December 2019. Methods This study is part of baseline assessment in a cluster randomized controlled trial. The data were collected through interview and observation following structured questionnaire from 2261 SAC households. Univariable and multivariable logistic regressions were used to assess the association between bed net ownership or utilization and potential predictor variables. Odds Ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% Confidence Interval (CI) were used to determine the strength and statistical significance of association. Results The ownership of at least one bed net by households of SAC was about 19.3% (95% CI: 17.7%-21.0%). It was affected by living in altitude ranged from 1100 to 1250 meters above sea level with Adjusted OR (AOR) of 0.5 (95%CI: 0.3–0.9) and presence of child age less than 5 years (AOR = 2.1; 95%CI: 1.2–3.7). About 7.8% (95% CI: 6.7%-10.0%) of all SAC participated in the study and 40.4% (95% CI: 57.4% − 66.7%) of children in households owning at bed net passed the previous night under bed net. Bed net utilization by SAC conditional to its presence was lower among children age > 9 years (AOR = 0.2; 95%CI: 0.03–0.8); higher in children with mothers who had an education level above grade six (AOR = 5.2; 95%CI: 1.8–17.0); and when the household size to bed net ratio was ≤ 2 (AOR = 37.8; 95%CI: 4.1–1106). Conclusion Ownership of bed net was lower than universal coverage of at least one bed net for two individuals. It is important to monitor replacement needs and educate mothers with low education level and their SAC on the benefit of consistent utilization of bed nets.

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Effect of insecticide-treated bed net usage on under-five mortality in northern Ghana

Cited by 22 publications

References 9 publications

Prevalence of Malaria Positive Rapid Diagnostic Test and Antimalarial Treatment in Patients with Fevers in the Accident and Emergency Unit of Effia Nkwanta Regional Hospital, Western Region, Ghana

Prevalence of Malaria Positive Rapid Diagnostic Test and Antimalarial Treatment in Patients with Fevers in the Accident and Emergency Unit of Effia Nkwanta Regional Hospital, Western Region, Ghana

Utilization of insecticide-treated bed nets and care-seeking for fever and its associated socio-demographic and geographical factors among under-five children in different regions: evidence from the Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey, 2015–2016

Long Lasting Insecticide-treated Bed Net Ownership, Utilization and Associated Factors Among School-age Children in Dara Mallo and Uba Debretsehay Districts, Southern Ethiopia

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