Effect of Inflammation on Female Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Neurons: Mechanisms and Consequences

Barabás, Katalin; Szabó-Meleg, Edina; Ábrahám, István M.

doi:10.3390/ijms21020529

Cited by 50 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 155 publications

(189 reference statements)

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“…In addition, TRF can prevent and even reverse obesity‐related metabolic disorders 8 . One of the negative effects of obesity on female reproduction is hypogonadism caused by inhibited GnRH neuronal activity 42,43 . A high‐fat diet or obesity promotes ovarian macrophage infiltration and impairs female ovarian development and oocyte mature 44 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 One of the negative effects of obesity on female reproduction is hypogonadism caused by inhibited GnRH neuronal activity. 42,43 A high-fat diet or obesity promotes ovarian macrophage infiltration and impairs female ovarian development and oocyte mature. 44 A cyclic rise of reproductive hormones such as GnRH, FSH, and LH is required for the ovarian follicular development and production of mature oocyte.…”

Section: F I G U R Ementioning

confidence: 99%

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Time‐restricted feeding improves the reproductive function of female mice via liver fibroblast growth factor 21

Hua

Feng

Huang

et al. 2020

Clinical & Translational Med

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Background: There has been a significant increase, to epidemic levels, of obese and overweight women of reproductive age, causing impairments to reproductive health. Time-restricted feeding (TRF) including isocaloric intake has shown to be preventive of obesity-related disorders. However, its therapeutic ability to improve the reproductive function of female remains largely unknown. Methods: Here, we investigated the ability of TRF to improve the reproductive function in wild-type and liver-specific FGF21 knockout female mice. To study fertility, a continuous and a short-term fertility test, gonadotropin releasinghormone (GnRH), and Kisspeptin test were performed. Immortalized GnRH neuron was used to examine the direct role of liver fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) on GnRH secretion. Results: We found that TRF rescues female mice from bodyweight gain and glucose intolerance, as well as ovarian follicle loss and dysfunction of estrus cyclicity induced by high-fat diet. Furthermore, the beneficial effects of the TRF regimen on the reproductive performance were also observed in mice fed both chow and high-fat diet. However, those beneficial effects of TRF on metabolism and reproduction were absent in liver-specific FGF21 knockout mice. In vitro, FGF21 directly acted on GnRH neurons to modulate GnRH secretion via extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK 1/2) pathway. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: F I G U R Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Time‐restricted feeding improves the reproductive function of female mice via liver fibroblast growth factor 21

Hua

Feng

Huang

et al. 2020

Clinical & Translational Med

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“…GnRH (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone) signaling pathway: Disrupted BBB (Blood Brain Barrier) by viral infection, lymphocytes (B and T cells), monocytes, and granulocytes can penetrate in the brain parenchyma which induce in ammation, resulting in dysregulation of GnRH neurons. Additionally, the in ammation of GnRH neurons inhibits GnRH transport through proin ammatory cytokines by impairing the cytoskeleton 38 . Prolactin signaling pathway: HIV (Human Immunode ciency Virus) patients have greater prolactin quantity compared to others.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 intervened by NSAIDs: A network pharmacology approach to decipher signaling pathway and interactive genes

Oh¹,

Adnan²,

Cho³

2020

Preprint

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Background: Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) showed promising clinical efficacy toward COVID-19 patients as painkillers and anti-inflammatory agents. However, the prospective anti-COVID-19 mechanisms of NSAIDs are not evidently exposed. Therefore, we intended to decipher the most potent NSAIDs candidate(s) and its novel mechanism(s) against COVID-19 by network pharmacology.Method: FDA (U.S. Food & Drug Administration) approved twenty NSAIDs were used for this study. Genes related to selected NSAIDs and COVID-19 related genes were identified by the Similarity Ensemble Approach, Swiss Target Prediction, and PubChem databases. Venn diagram identified overlapping genes between NSAIDs and COVID-19 related genes. The interactive networking between NSAIDs and overlapping genes was analyzed by STRING. RStudio plotted the bubble chart of KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of overlapping genes. Finally, the binding affinity of NSAIDs against target genes was determined through molecular docking analysis.Results: Geneset enrichment analysis exhibited 26 signaling pathways against COVID-19. Inhibition of proinflammatory stimuli of tissues and/or cells by inactivating RAS signaling pathway was identified as the key anti-COVID-19 mechanism of NSAIDs. Besides, MAPK8, MAPK10, and BAD genes were explored as the associated genes of the RAS. Among twenty NSAIDs, 6MNA, rofecoxib, and indomethacin revealed promising binding affinity with the highest docking score against three identified genes, respectively.Conclusions: Overall, our proposed three NSAIDs (6MNA, rofecoxib, and indomethacin) might block the RAS by inactivating its associated genes, thus may alleviate excessive inflammation induced by SARS-CoV-2.

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“…In the neurons and glial tissue of the brain, the expression of cytokines and their receptors, which are identical or closely related to the cytokines synthesized by the peripheral immune system, were detected. They affect the number and the so-called “immunocompetence” of nerve cells [ 38 , 39 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacterial or viral activation of the mother’s immune system during pregnancy leads to the development of systemic inflammation, characterized by an increase in the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines, which have a negative effect on the development of the fetal brain [ 37 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]. The changes occurring in the brain lead to disorders in the development of the nervous and endocrine systems, including HPG, a decrease in reproductive capacity or infertility in adult offspring [ 40 , 46 , 48 , 49 , 50 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Reciprocal Regulation of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)-Producing and Immune Systems: The Role of GnRH, Cytokines and Their Receptors in Early Ontogenesis in Normal and Pathological Conditions

Захарова

Sharova

Izvolskaia

2020

IJMS

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Different aspects of the reciprocal regulatory influence on the development of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-producing- and immune systems in the perinatal ontogenesis and their functioning in adults in normal and pathological conditions are discussed. The influence of GnRH on the development of the immune system, on the one hand, and the influence of proinflammatory cytokines on the development of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal system, on the other hand, and their functioning in adult offspring are analyzed. We have focused on the effects of GnRH on the formation and functional activity of the thymus, as the central organ of the immune system, in the perinatal period. The main mechanisms of reciprocal regulation of these systems are discussed. The reproductive health of an individual is programmed by the establishment and development of physiological systems during critical periods. Regulatory epigenetic mechanisms of development are not strictly genetically controlled. These processes are characterized by a high sensitivity to various regulatory factors, which provides possible corrections for disorders.

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Effect of Inflammation on Female Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Neurons: Mechanisms and Consequences

Cited by 50 publications

References 155 publications

Time‐restricted feeding improves the reproductive function of female mice via liver fibroblast growth factor 21

Time‐restricted feeding improves the reproductive function of female mice via liver fibroblast growth factor 21

SARS-CoV-2 intervened by NSAIDs: A network pharmacology approach to decipher signaling pathway and interactive genes

Mechanisms of Reciprocal Regulation of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)-Producing and Immune Systems: The Role of GnRH, Cytokines and Their Receptors in Early Ontogenesis in Normal and Pathological Conditions

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