Effect of in Ovo Inoculation of Bifidobacterium spp. on Growth Performance, Thyroid Activity, Ileum Histomorphometry, and Microbial Enumeration of Broilers

Probiotics in poultry feed: A comprehensive review

“…Abdel‐Moneim et al. (2019) and Abd El‐Moneim et al. (2020) noticed significant increase in VH of the ileum when bifidobacteria strains were inoculated in the yolk sac at 18 days of incubation while CD was not affected.…”

“…Abdel‐Moneim et al. (2019) reported that in ovo inoculation of B. bifidum , Bifidobacterium longum , B. animalis and Bifidobacterium infantis altered ileal bacterial enumeration where counts of lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacteria were increased while total coliform bacteria were reduced. Abou‐Kassem et al.…”

“…Numerous investigations have reported the impact of probiotic supplements on intestinal histomorphometry of birds. These reports revealed that dietary probiotic administration affect villus height (VH) and crypt depth (CD) in small intestine portions (Abd El‐Moneim et al., 2020; Abdel‐Moneim et al., 2019; Olnood et al., 2015). Abdel‐Moneim et al.…”

“…(2013) reported that Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus fermentum probiotics elevated the mRNA expression of TLR‐2 and TLR‐4 in the foregut of the chicken. Furthermore, Lactobacillus and bifidobacterium probiotic strains have been documented to increase the concentration of immunoglobulin (Ig) A, G and M in broilers and turkeys, which positively contribute to more growth performance and disease resistance (Abdel‐Moneim et al., 2019; Cetin et al., 2005).…”

Poultry feeds carry diverse microbial communities that influence chicken intestinal microbiota colonisation and maturation

“…The application of recent technological advances has suggested that, at least in some circumstances, there may be very low-level bacterial colonisation in ovo (Castaneda et al 2019 ). There have been attempts to deliver probiotics in ovo (Abdel-Moneim et al 2019 ; Wilson et al 2019 ); however, bacterial load in ovo is very moderate and has production significance mainly in case of in ovo infection (Allan et al 2018 ; Bradbury and Howell 1975 ). Bacterial colonization of the gut is likely to be a competitive process whereby the initial bacterial colonizers inhibit or promote the establishment of subsequent bacterial invaders by modifying the gut environment (e.g.…”