Effect of in ovo administration of insulin-like growth factor-I on compositionand mechanical properties of chicken bone

Abstract

The influence of in ovo administration of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) on long bone growth (tibiae and femora) of 42-d-old broiler chickens was investigated. Eggs were divided into three groups: uninjected control, vehicle-injected control, and recombinant human (rh) IGF-I. Eggs were injected once with 100 microL vehicle (10 mM acetic acid and 0.1% BSA) per embryo or vehicle containing 100 ng rh IGF-I/100 microL per embryo (n = 555 eggs total) on Days 1, 2, 3, or 4 of embryonic development. Males had greater bone length and moment of inertia than did females for the tibia and the femur (P < or = 0.01 for all). Although fracture load was significantly affected by gender (P < or = 0.02 and P < or = 0.006 for the femur and tibia, respectively), there was no treatment effect on these variables. However, when the fracture load was normalized with body weight of the animal, treatment and gender effects were found for femora (P < or = 0.04). Hydroxyproline concentrations of bones from male broilers were increased by the treatment (P < or = 0.02), whereas it had no effect on female broilers. There was no treatment effect on ash content, stiffness, yield load, yield deflection, and ultimate deflection and elastic, plastic, and total work for the femur or the tibia. We suggest that the effect of in ovo administration of IGF-I on bone mechanical properties was site-specific, and treated femora tended to have a lower fracture load relative to increased body weight.

Synergistic Effect of Fadrozole and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I on Female-To-Male Sex Reversal and Body Weight of Broiler Chicks

“…This suggests that every component of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis could be the action site for IGF-I through endocrine and paracrine systems [41]. However, in agreement with previous publications [16], [21], [22], IGF-I impact was restricted to the male chicks. This indicates the presence of very strong interaction between sexual hormones and IGF-I.…”

“…We evaluated the simultaneous and separate effects of these two compounds on female-to-male sex reversal and body weight on the Day 1 and 42 of production as well as the hatching traits. Strong similarity of human and chicken IGF-I protein sequence [27], [28], very high affinity of rhIGF-I to the chicken IGF-I receptors [29], and successful usage of rhIGF-I for improving chicken body weight [16], [22] persuaded us to use rhIGF-I in the current study. We showed that IGF-I combination with Fadrozole could enhance female-to-male sex reversal, shorten hatching time, and increase chicken body weight.…”

“…Treatment of chicken embryos by IGF-I, as an important growth inducer, could be effective for overcoming the lower weight gain drawback of sex-reversed chicks. However, IGF-I effectiveness on the body weight gain is exclusively limited to the male chicks [16], [21], [22], and it still needs to be investigated if inhibiting estrogen synthesis could trigger the IGF-I efficiency in genetically female chicks. In addition, the possible synergistic or antagonistic impacts of anti-aromatase and IGF-I on chicken sex reversal have not been studied.…”

Effects of commercial in ovo injection of carbohydrates on broiler embryogenesis ,

“…Vaccine manufacturers today are desiring to develop new products that can be injected in ovo to enhance vaccine efficacy and to improve broiler embryogenesis and posthatch performance. Nutrients and other metabolic compounds for in ovo injection, such as amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins, stimulants, and hormones, are under investigation (Gore and Qureshi, 1997;Johnston et al, 1997;Henry and Burke, 1999;Kocamis et al, 1999Kocamis et al, , 2000Ohta et al, 1999;Jochemsen and Jeurissen, 2002;Tako et al, 2004;Uni et al, 2005;Foye et al, 2006;Kadam et al, 2008;Zhai et al, 2008;Keralapurath et al, 2010a,b).…”

Effects of the commercial in ovo injection of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol on the hatchability and hatching chick quality of broilers

“…In comparison with the traditional method of broiler vaccination, in ovo injection offers a less stressful, faster, and more uniform delivery of vaccines and nutrient mixtures to developing embryos (Williams, 2007). Included among the various embryological and physiological studies that are made possible by in ovo injection technology are investigations concerning the effects of substances such as amino acids (Ohta et al, 1999;Kadam et al, 2008), carbohydrates (Tako et al, 2004;Uni et al, 2005;Zhai et al, 2011c), electrolyte solutions (McGruder et al, 2011), hormones (Henry and Burke, 1999;Kocamis et al, 1999Kocamis et al, , 2000, nucleotides (Dalloul et al, 2005), stimu-lants (Zhai et al, 2008;Keralapurath et al, 2010), and vitamins (Gore and Qureshi, 1997;Bhanja et al, 2007).…”