Effect of ileo-rectal anastomosis and post-valve T-caecum cannulation on growing pigs

Köhler, T.; Mosenthin, R.; Verstegen, M.W.A.; Huisman, J.; Hartog, L.A. den; Ahrens, Frank

doi:10.1079/bjn19920086

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…Bartelt et al (1999) obtained DAPA / bacterial N ratios of 34.4 and 22.3 mg/g for miniature and domestic pigs with re-entrant ileo-caecal cannulae. Kö hler et al (1992) reported somewhat lower values for pigs with PVTC cannulae (13.9 to 16.7 mg/g) and ileo-rectal anastomosis (14.3 to 27.5 mg/g). In the study of Wü nsche et al (1991), the DAPA / bacterial N ratios were 7.5 to 18.8 mg/g for pigs with re-entrant ileo-caecal cannulae and 10 to 39.6 mg/g for pigs with ileo-rectal anastomoses.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 90%

Effects of a dietary organic acid mixture and of dietary fibre levels on ileal and faecal nutrient apparent digestibility, bacterial nitrogen flow, microbial metabolite concentrations and rate of passage in the digestive tract of pigs

Partanen

Jalava

Valaja

2007

Animal

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Six 34-kg barrows were fitted with a post-valve T-caecum cannula and assigned to six dietary treatments according to a 6 £ 5 change-over design to study how a mixture of formic acid, sorbate, and benzoate (0 or 8.4 g/kg feed) influences apparent ileal and faecal digestibility coefficients, bacterial nitrogen (N) flow, microbial metabolite concentrations, and passage rate in pigs fed isoenergetic diets with medium, high, or very high fibre content (neutral-detergent fibre (NDF): 199, 224, and 248 g/kg dry matter, respectively). These barley and soya-bean meal based diets contained 0, 75, and 150 g/kg barley fibre (NDF: 577 g/kg) and 0, 8, and 16 g/kg rapeseed oil, respectively. The dietary organic acid mixture improved the apparent ileal digestibility of 14 of the 17 amino acids analysed (P , 0.05). Increasing levels of dietary fibre linearly decreased the apparent ileal digestibility of six of the 17 amino acids analysed (P , 0.05). Ileal flows of bacterial N and amino acids as assessed on the basis of purine flow were decreased by the dietary organic acid mixture (P , 0.05) but were not affected by dietary fibre level (P . 0.05). As assessed on the basis of diaminopimelic acid flow, bacterial N flow was increased by both the dietary organic acid mixture and increased dietary fibre levels (P , 0.05). The dietary organic acid mixture reduced the concentration of lactic acid and increased that of acetic acid in ileal digesta (P , 0.05), while dietary fibre levels had a quadratic effect on concentrations of acetic, propionic, and butyric acid (P , 0.05). The mean retention time of Co (solute marker) and Yb (particle marker) in the large intestine decreased in a linear manner by increasing dietary fibre levels (P , 0.05) but was not affected by the dietary organic acid mixture (P . 0.05). The results show that a dietary organic acid mixture has a positive effect on the apparent ileal digestibility of most amino acids irrespective of dietary fibre levels. This could be at least partly related to changes in bacterial N flow in the ileum. However, different bacterial markers showed opposite effects on bacterial N flow, which makes it questionable to use a constant bacterial marker / bacterial N ratio to estimate bacterial N flow. Increasing levels of dietary fibre had negative effects on the apparent ileal amino acid digestibilities and shortened the mean retention time of digesta in the large intestine.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 90%

Effects of a dietary organic acid mixture and of dietary fibre levels on ileal and faecal nutrient apparent digestibility, bacterial nitrogen flow, microbial metabolite concentrations and rate of passage in the digestive tract of pigs

Partanen

Jalava

Valaja

2007

Animal

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“…Furthermore, studies that have examined the effect on the animal of long-term PVTC cannulation have concluded that the PVTC cannula does not significantly alter the metabolism of the pig and that the approach is therefore suitable for the collection of digesta. 12,13 It was expected, based on published conclusions by other workers, that the digesta collection method (PVTC cannulation) would allow a near complete quantitative collection of digesta over the 24 h collection periods. This did not occur, however, with an average marker recovery of only 72%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diets were mixed with water (1:1 w/v) immediately prior to feeding, and water was freely available between meals. The basal diet was gradually introduced over the following 4 days (days [11][12][13][14]. Each pig received the basal diet for 6 days before receiving the test diet.…”

Section: Diets and Feedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The diurnal pattern of ileal dry matter and endogenous ileal nitrogen flows in the growing pig

et al. 2002

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The aim was to examine the diurnal pattern of endogenous nitrogen flow at the terminal ileum of the pig. Seven entire male pigs with a mean body weight of 58 kg had post-valve T-caecum (PVTC) cannulae surgically implanted for the collection of ileal digesta. The pigs were fed equal-sized meals (10% of metabolic body weight, W 0.75 , per day) twice daily at 08:00 and 17:00. The semi-synthetic diet included enzyme-hydrolysed casein (<5000 Da, 100 g kg À1 diet) as the sole source of nitrogen (N). The diet also contained chromic oxide (6 g kg À1 ) as an indigestible marker. The pigs received the diet for an 8 day period, and digesta were continuously collected for 24 h periods (commencing at 08:00) on the fifth and eighth days. Digesta were analysed for dry matter (DM) and chromium (Cr), and endogenous N was determined in the precipitate þ retentate fraction of the digesta following centrifugation and ultrafiltration (10 000 Da molecular weight cut-off). The concentration of Cr expressed on a digesta DM basis and the ratio of endogenous N to Cr in the digesta were relatively constant over the 24 h digesta collection periods, with no statistically significant (P > 0.05) differences found for the latter measure in the digesta collected between 12:00 and 08:00. The endogenous N flow through the terminal ileum is the net effect of the secretion and reabsorption of endogenous N that occurs throughout the digestive tract. The net result of the latter two processes in the small intestine of the pig leads to a relatively constant endogenous N flow over time post-feeding.

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“…Por outro lado, o conteúdo de sódio nas fezes foi maior nos animais do T3 que naqueles que receberam ração à vontade (P=0,07), o que é de difícil explicação, uma vez que a maior parte do sódio é excretada pela urina (Kohler et al, 1992), que não foi analisada. Entretanto, uma das funções do sódio é participar no transporte ativo secundário, na absorção de vários nutrientes no intestino (Vander et al, 1980).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Efeito da restrição alimentar como redutor do poder poluente dos dejetos de suínos

Marcato¹,

Lima

2005

R. Bras. Zootec.

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RESUMO -Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da restrição alimentar sobre a excreção de minerais nas fezes de suínos, foram utilizados 48 machos castrados com peso inicial de 41,92 ± 0,21kg, distribuídos em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com três tratamentos (T1=alimentação à vontade; T2=95% do consumo diário apresentado por T1; e T3=90% do consumo diário apresentado por T1) e 16 repetições. Os animais permaneceram durante 21 dias em adaptação aos tratamentos em baias coletivas e gaiolas de estudos metabólicos. As coletas de urina e fezes foram realizadas durante dois dias, utilizando-se 20 g de partículas de plástico colorido como marcador fecal. Houve redução de 8,54% no consumo diário de ração dos animais do T3, acarretando em decréscimo em torno de 9,65% excreção de matéria mineral nas fezes, quando comparado com o consumo ad libitum (T1). Todos os macrominerais, com exceção do magnésio, sofreram redução significativa no conteúdo fecal com o aumento da restrição alimentar. Os teores de cálcio e potássio das fezes representaram cerca de 29% da matéria mineral excretada pelas fezes dos animais e foram reduzidos significativamente com o emprego da restrição alimentar. Para todos os microminerais, as relações entre as quantidades excretadas e as quantidades consumidas foram iguais ou superiores a 86,60%, indicando que os animais apresentaram baixa eficiência de retenção desses nutrientes. Concluiu-se que a restrição alimentar de suínos em fase de terminação acarreta redução da quantidade de matéria seca e da maioria dos minerais excretados.Palavras-chave: cobre, fezes, fósforo, minerais, nitrogênio, urina, zinco Feed Restriction as an Alternative to Reduce Environmental Impact of Swine WasteABSTRACT -With the objective to evaluate the effect of feed restriction on fecal mineral content of finishing swine, fortyeight barrows, with initial weight of 41.92 ± 0.27 kg were assigned to a randomized experimental block design. Treatments were: T1=ad libitum feeding; T2=95% T1 feed intake; and T3 = 90% T1 feed intake and 16 replications. Animals were kept during 21 days in adaptation period to the treatments in collective pens and metabolism cages. Urine and fecal collection was performed during two days, using 20 g of colored plastic particles as fecal markers. There was a reduction of 8.54% in the daily feed consumption of the diet in T3 animals, causing a decrease close to 9.65% in fecal mineral content, as compared to ad libitum consumption (T1). All macro minerals, except for magnesium, showed significant reduction in the fecal content with the increase of feed restriction. Calcium and potassium fecal content represented about 29% of the excreted mineral matter of the animals and both were significantly reduced with the use of feed restriction. For all micro minerals, the relations between excreted amount and consumed amount were equal or higher than 86.60%, indicating that the animals showed a low retention efficiency of these nutrients. In conclusion, feed restriction in finishing phase of swine cause reductio...

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Effect of ileo-rectal anastomosis and post-valve T-caecum cannulation on growing pigs

Cited by 24 publications

References 17 publications

Effects of a dietary organic acid mixture and of dietary fibre levels on ileal and faecal nutrient apparent digestibility, bacterial nitrogen flow, microbial metabolite concentrations and rate of passage in the digestive tract of pigs

Effects of a dietary organic acid mixture and of dietary fibre levels on ileal and faecal nutrient apparent digestibility, bacterial nitrogen flow, microbial metabolite concentrations and rate of passage in the digestive tract of pigs

The diurnal pattern of ileal dry matter and endogenous ileal nitrogen flows in the growing pig

Efeito da restrição alimentar como redutor do poder poluente dos dejetos de suínos

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