Effect of Cinnamomum cassia Methanol Extract and Sildenafil on Arginase and Sexual Function of Young Male Wistar Rats

Abstract

Introduction Herbs have been used as an aphrodisiac since ages. Cinnamomum cassia is an important ingredient of many Ayurvedic formulations to treat male sexual disorder including erectile dysfunction (ED). Aim The objective of the present study was to evaluate erectogenic and aphrodisiac activity of methanol extract of C. cassia bark in young male rats. Methods Methanol extract of C. cassia was screened in vitro for arginase inhibition potential and IC50 was determined. Effect of the extract was observed in vitro on phenylephrine pre-contracted isolated rat corpus cavernosum smooth muscle (CCSM) at 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μg/mL. Young male Wistar rats were dosed with extract at 100 mg/kg body weight for 28 days and its effects on sexual behavior and penile smooth muscle : collagen level were observed. Main Outcome Measure Effect of C. cassia was studied on arginase activity in vitro and sexual behavior of young male rats. Results C. cassia inhibited arginase activity in vitro with an IC50 of 61.72 ± 2.20 μg/mL. The extract relaxed phenylephrine pre-contracted isolated rat CCSM up to 43% and significantly increased (P < 0.05) sexual function of young male rats. Treatment with the extract also increased smooth muscle level and decreased collagen level in rat penile tissue. Conclusion The study proves usefulness of methanol extract of C. cassia bark for increasing sexual function.

Antioxidant Potential and Ability of Phloroglucinol to Decrease Formation of Advanced Glycation End Products Increase Efficacy of Sildenafil in Diabetes-Induced Sexual Dysfunction of Rats

“…Sildenafil significantly ( ∗ P < .05 vs water) relaxed CCSM of normal rat while phloroglucinol could not relax CCSM significantly. Relaxation effect of CCSMs of diabetic rat decreased significantly ( $ P < .05) in comparison with normal rats and sildenafil could significantly relax ( # P < .05 vs water) CCSM of diabetic rat 11, 19, 21. n = 6.…”

“…Female rats were treated with diethylstilbestrol (1 mg/kg, p.o., administered 48 hours prior to sexual behavior study) and progesterone (5 mg/kg, s.c., administered 4 hours prior to the sexual behavior study) to induce artificial estrous phase. Female rats that did not exhibit lordosis posture were not paired with male rats for sexual behavior study 19, 20…”

“…The study was performed as per published literature. Briefly, after male rat accustoms to observation chamber (5–10 minutes), a female rat was introduced and following sexual behavior parameters were observed 19, 20

Mount latency (ML): time from the introduction of female into the cage of the male up to the first mount

Intromission latency (IL): time from the introduction of the female up to the first intromission by the male

Ejaculation latency (EL): time from the first intromission to the ejaculation

Mount frequency (MF): number of mount in a sexual cycle before ejaculation

intromission frequency (IF) : number of intromission in a sexual cycle before ejaculation

Post-ejaculatory interval (PEI) : time from end of first ejaculation to start of next intromission

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Allantoin Alleviates Male Sexual Dysfunction in Diabetic Rats through Augmenting the Level of Testosterone

“…Coordinated relaxation of penile smooth and penile arteries results in persistent penile erection required for sexual activity. 6,12,13,15,18 Interestingly, testosterone, a male sex hormone stimulates and maintains the NOS. [29][30][31] We estimated nitrite, the stable metabolite of NO in the serum of rats.…”

“…For sexual activity, a male rat was first introduced in the sexual behavior study chamber and was let to acclimatize to the environment for 5-10 min and then the female rat was introduced and the following parameters were evaluated. 12,13 • Mount latency (ML): time from the introduction of a female into the study chamber up to the first mount.…”