“…Doping of many elements also changed the phase transition path of NiTi alloy; for example, the doping of the Fe element caused the appearance of the R phase [ 38 ], and the doping of the Cu element caused the appearance of the B19 phase (martensite phase, rhomboidal structure) [ 39 ]. Nb, Fe, Co, Cr, V, Mn, A1 [ 40 , 41 ], and other elements reduced the martensitic phase transition point of NiTi alloy, while Pt, Pd, Hf, Ta, Zr, Au, Cu [ 42 , 43 , 44 ], and other elements increased it.…”