Effect of High Pressure Gaseous and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Treatment on Bacterial Spores

High Pressure Carbon Dioxide Decreases the Heat Tolerance of the Bacterial Spores

“…The equipment used was a prototype pressurization apparatus (AKI-CO Co., Japan) (Furukawa et al, 2003). Temperature of the sterilization vessel was regulated by a thermocontrolled heater at 35˚C.…”

Effect of High-pressure CO2Processing on Bacterial Spores

“…When the temperature was increased to 60ºC and 75ºC, a more than 7-log reduction in the number of B. subtilis spores was achieved at 9.0 MPa for 6 h and at 7.0 MPa for 2 h, respectively. In addition, Ballestra and Cuq (1998) 1997; Spilimbergo et al, 2002), and the treatment temperatures were usually higher than 60ºC, which would be harmful to heat-sensitive foods (Hate et al, 1996;Ballestra and Cuq, 1998;Spilimbergo et al, 2002;Spilimbergo et al, 2003a;Watanabe et al, 2003).…”

“…In recent years, the number of published journal articles related to bacterial spore inactivation by HPCD treatment has significantly increased, reaching a cumulative number of 34 published journal articles in June 2012 ( Figure 1). In 27 of these published articles, 12 species of bacterial spores have been investigated: Bacillus subtilis (Kamihira et al, 1987;Ishikawa et al, 1997;Ballestra and Cuq., 1998;Spilimbergo et al, 2002;Spilimbergo et al, 2003a;Watanabe et al, 2003a;Karajanagi et al, 2011), B. cereus (Ishikawa et al, 1997;Spilimbergo et al, 2003a;Watanabe et al, 2003a;Garcia-Gonzalez et al, 2009), B. megaterium (Ishikawa et al, 1997;Enomoto et al, 1997), B. polymyxa (Ishikawa et al, 1997), B. coagulans (Ishikawa et al, 1997;Furukawa et al, 2003;Watanabe et al, 2003a;Watanabe et al, 2003b;Furukawa et al, 2004;Furukawa et al, 2006), B. licheniformis (Furukawa et al, 2003;Watanabe et al, 2003a;Watanabe et al, 2003b;Furukawa et al, 2004;Furukawa et al, 2006), B. pumilus Tarafa et al, 2009;Shieh et al, 2009;Checinska et al, 2011), B. atrophaeus (Hemmer et al, 2006;Zhang et al, 2006b;Qiu et al, 2009), B. anthracis (Zhang et al, 2007), Geobacillus stearothermophilus (Kamihira et al, 1987;Watanabe et al, 2003a;White et al, 2006;Hemmer …”