Effect of High-Dose Nano-selenium and Selenium–Yeast on Feed Digestibility, Rumen Fermentation, and Purine Derivatives in Sheep

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nano-selenium (NS) and yeast-selenium (YS) supplementation on feed digestibility, rumen fermentation, and urinary purine derivatives in sheep. Six male ruminally cannulated sheep, average 43.32 ± 4.8 kg of BW, were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square experiment. The treatments were control (without NS and YS), NS with 4 g nano-Se (provide 4 mg Se), and YS with 4 g Se-yeast (provide 4 mg Se) per kilogram of diet dry matter (DM), respectively. Experimental periods were 25 days with 15 days of adaptation and 10 days of sampling. Ruminal pH, ammonia N concentration, molar proportion of propionate, and ratio of acetate to propionate were decreased (P < 0.01), and total ruminal VFA concentration was increased with NS and YS supplementation (P < 0.01). In situ ruminal neutral detergent fiber (aNDF) degradation of Leymus chinensis (P < 0.01) and crude protein (CP) of soybean meal (P < 0.01) were significantly improved by Se supplementation. Digestibilities of DM, organic matter, crude protein, ether extract, aNDF, and ADF in the total tract and urinary excretion of purine derivatives were also affected by feeding Se supplementation diets (P < 0.01). Ruminal fermentation was improved by feeding NS, and feed conversion efficiency was also increased compared with YS (P < 0.01). We concluded that nano-Se can be used as a preferentially available selenium source in ruminant nutrition.

Effect of dietary supplementation with selenium-enriched yeast or sodium selenite on ruminal enzyme activities and blood chemistry in sheep

“…In addition, Xun et al (2012) reported a decrease of concentration of volatile fatty acids with high seleniumyeast versus medium selenium-yeast, indicating the increase of Se-yeast dose from 0.3 mg Se/kg of dietary DM to 0.45 mg Se/kg of dietary DM was not beneficial to further increase of feed fermentation in the rumen.…”

“…Later Xun et al (2012) reported that ruminal pH, ammonia N concentration, molar proportion of propionate, and ratio of acetate to propionate were decreased (P < 0.01) and total VFA concentration were increased with 4 g nano-Se (4 mg Se/kg of dry matter) and 4 g Se-yeast supplementation (provide 4 mg Se/kg of DM) in ruminally cannulated sheep. This agrees with the results of Shi et al (2011) who obtained higher VFA concentration and lower pH in the sheep fed with the basal diet supplemented with 3 g of nano-Se (provide 3 mg Se/kg of DM) in sheep.…”

“…According to literature reports, supplementation of selenium in organic (Se-yeast) in cows (Wang et al 2009) or Se-yeast and nano-Se in sheep (Xun et al 2012) in the diet switched the rumen fermentation pattern from acetate to propionate and decreased the ammonia N concentration, which suggested that selenium supplemenation in diet particularly increased microbial activity in propionate production. In addition, Xun et al (2012) reported a decrease of concentration of volatile fatty acids with high seleniumyeast versus medium selenium-yeast, indicating the increase of Se-yeast dose from 0.3 mg Se/kg of dietary DM to 0.45 mg Se/kg of dietary DM was not beneficial to further increase of feed fermentation in the rumen.…”

Nanomaterials for products and application in agriculture, feed and food

“…polystyrene-based particles) have been shown to specifically absorb mycotoxins in the gastrointestinal tract of animals and to protect them from mycotoxosis (Kuzma, Romanchek, & Kokotovich, 2008;Shi, Xu, Feng, & Wang, 2006). Size-reduction of materials to the nanorange can also increase the absorption of nutrients as shown for iron (Mahler et al, 2012) and selenium which significantly improved the feed digestion in sheep (Xun et al, 2012). Similarly, nano-forms of selenium have been explored as novel formulated micronutrient and the nano-forms are claimed to have an increased bioavailability in fish (Sarkar et al, 2015) and livestock (Selim, Radwan, Youssef, Salah Eldin, & Abo Elwafa, 2015).…”

Assessment of Nano Cellulose from Peach Palm Residue as Potential Food Additive: Part II: Preliminary Studies

“…Recognizing the multifaceted advantages of nano materials including cellulose nano fibrils, attempts have been made for their use as food additive (Weiss et al 2006;Chaudhry et al 2008;Xun et al 2012). It is well known that whenever new product for human and animal consumption is developed, be it medicine, food or additives to it, they have to be tested for their effectiveness with regard to the improvement in the health of consumers, safety aspects and any other side effects.…”