Effect of hemodynamic factors on atherosclerosis in the abdominal aorta

Nguyen, Nghia D.; Haque, Abida K.

doi:10.1016/0021-9150(90)90005-4

Cited by 58 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Here, uptake was not age dependent and was low compared to that in the abdominal aorta and around the renal ostium. Consequently, at all the sites, the permeability values assessed from short-term experiments appear to correlate with sites known to show enhanced spontaneous lipid accumulation in both rabbits [16]and humans [3, 4, 5, 6]and also correlate with the spatial variation in susceptibility to atherosclerotic lesions at the same aorto-renal sites in humans [24]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulphorhodamine-B-Labelled Albumin Uptake around the Ostium of the Renal Artery in Rabbits: Changes with Age

Murphy

Lever²

2002

J Vasc Res

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Because protein transport between blood and artery wall is important in atherogenesis, we have measured the uptake of fluorescently labelled albumin around the aorto-renal branch, an important site for lesions. Tracer concentrations in artery wall sections were quantified using digital fluorescence microscopy. Short-term experiments indicated endothelial permeability, while longer ones indicated the steady-state distribution of native proteins within the wall. In sexually immature rabbits (65–75 days), the permeability of the aorta was greater downstream of the renal ostium than upstream (p < 0.004). However, in mature rabbits (120–156 days), the permeability was greater, on average, at the upstream site compared to downstream. This change in pattern of uptake around the renal ostium with age appears to be due to increased uptake at the upstream site in mature animals, which was over fourfold greater than that measured at the equivalent site in immature animals (p < 0.01). In the renal artery itself, permeability was low and age independent. In mature animals, endothelial permeability did not correlate with steady-state wall concentrations, suggesting that the latter may be more dependent upon the rate of exit of protein and/or available space in the wall, rather than the rate of entry. The age-dependent changes in the spatial pattern of permeability correspond to the different distributions of spontaneous lipid accumulation in immature and mature vessels of both rabbits and humans, implying that permeability of the wall is important in atherogenesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulphorhodamine-B-Labelled Albumin Uptake around the Ostium of the Renal Artery in Rabbits: Changes with Age

Murphy

Lever²

2002

J Vasc Res

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“…The specific effect of branching angles in bifurcations has been studied by several other investigators. [13][14][15][16][17]30,[32][33][34][35] Most studies indicate that large branching angles cause large secondary velocities and consequently complex flow fields. The effect of branching angles on the distribution of atherosclerotic plaques was not conclusive in these studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localizing Role of Hemodynamics in Atherosclerosis in Several Human Vertebrobasilar Junction Geometries

Ravensbergen

Krijger

Hillen

et al. 1998

ATVB

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Abstract-Atherosclerosis is a common finding in the vertebrobasilar junction and in the basilar artery. Several theories try to link the process of atherogenesis with the forces exerted by the flowing blood. An attractive relation has been found between the locations in vessels at which atherosclerotic plaques are often present and the locations in models where complicated flow patterns exist. Most of the studies provided data on bifurcations. Finding a similar relation in an arterial confluence would certainly add to the credibility of the (causal) relationship between hemodynamics and atherosclerosis. Further support can be provided if variations of the geometry result in changes of the location of the atherosclerotic lesions, corresponding to the changes of the flow force distribution. In our previous numerical and experimental work, the influence of geometric and hemodynamic parameters, such as asymmetrical inflow, confluence angle, and blunting of the apex, on the flow in vertebrobasilar junction models has been investigated in detail. Recirculation areas and distribution of the wall shear stress have been computed. In this anatomic study, the effect of modulation of these geometric and hemodynamic parameters on the flow pattern is compared with the size and location of plaques in human vertebrobasilar junctions and basilar arteries. In addition, a comparison is made between the preferential areas of atherosclerotic plaques in junctions and bifurcations to demonstrate the localizing role of hemodynamics in atherogenesis. The apex of the vertebrobasilar junction and the lateral walls of the basilar artery appeared to be prone to atherosclerosis. In 43 of 85 vertebrobasilar junctions, a plaque was found at the apex. Furthermore, the summed plaque thickness at both lateral walls differs significantly (paired t test, Pϭ.03) from that at the walls facing the pons and the skull base. In contrast, several authors found that the lateral walls of the mother vessel and the apex in bifurcations are often spared. Modulation of the various parameters in the models changed the size of the regions with low wall shear stress and/or recirculation areas dramatically. A comparable effect was found in the occurrence of plaques in the human vertebrobasilar junction; eg, for an atherosclerotic plaque at the apex, a predicted probability larger than 0.5 was computed for blunted apexes and for sharp-edged apexes with a confluence angle exceeding 90°. Apparently, two geometric risk factors for an atherosclerotic plaque at the apex can be distinguished: a blunted apex and a large confluence angle. (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1998;18:708-716.)

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“…Hemodynamic factors such as low shear stress acting on the arterial intima are implicated in the susceptibility to atherosclerotic lesions [27,42], as is an increase in transmural pressure (hypertension), which results in intimal fibrocellular thickening [36]. As just one such example, the myocardial bridge (MB), which frequently covers a part of the course of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), running in the epicardial adipose tissue for almost its whole length, surprisingly regulates the hemodynamic factors [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collagen alteration in vascular remodeling by hemodynamic factors

et al. 2000

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The collagen alterations in the vascular wall remodeled by hemodynamic change were investigated by electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. The left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) without a myocardial bridge (MB) showed both lower matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) expression and a smaller extent of spiraled collagen (SC) distribution than the LAD wall with MB, in which the intima was influenced by high shear stress. In the wall of the varicose great saphenous vein (GSV) the expression of MMP-1 was lower, while the expression of prolyl 4-hydroxylase was higher, than in the normal GSV. The extent of SC distribution in the intima and media of the varicose GSV was smaller than that in the normal GSV. An analogous difference in results was demonstrated between the portal vein (PV) of patients with liver cirrhosis and normal PV. However, the levels of expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 and tissue inhibitors of MMP (TIMPs) in these pathologic vessels were not different from those in the corresponding normal vessels. The results indicate that hemodynamic forces such as shear stress and increased intravascular blood pressure contribute to the collagen alterations in the vascular wall, which may lead to vascular wall remodeling.

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Effect of hemodynamic factors on atherosclerosis in the abdominal aorta

Cited by 58 publications

References 9 publications

Sulphorhodamine-B-Labelled Albumin Uptake around the Ostium of the Renal Artery in Rabbits: Changes with Age

Sulphorhodamine-B-Labelled Albumin Uptake around the Ostium of the Renal Artery in Rabbits: Changes with Age

Localizing Role of Hemodynamics in Atherosclerosis in Several Human Vertebrobasilar Junction Geometries

Collagen alteration in vascular remodeling by hemodynamic factors

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