1998
DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.18.5.708
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Abstract: Abstract-Atherosclerosis is a common finding in the vertebrobasilar junction and in the basilar artery. Several theories try to link the process of atherogenesis with the forces exerted by the flowing blood. An attractive relation has been found between the locations in vessels at which atherosclerotic plaques are often present and the locations in models where complicated flow patterns exist. Most of the studies provided data on bifurcations. Finding a similar relation in an arterial confluence would certainl… Show more

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Cited by 83 publications
(74 citation statements)
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“…In contrast to bifurcations where blood flow diverges, creating different hemodynamic forces that may ultimately impact the bifurcation tip, blood at the VBJ converges and does not directly affect the junctional region. 18 The difference between hemodynamic environments at converging versus diverging junctions may account for the contrasting behaviors of the VBJ and the BA bifurcation regarding aneurysm presence and age dependency.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In contrast to bifurcations where blood flow diverges, creating different hemodynamic forces that may ultimately impact the bifurcation tip, blood at the VBJ converges and does not directly affect the junctional region. 18 The difference between hemodynamic environments at converging versus diverging junctions may account for the contrasting behaviors of the VBJ and the BA bifurcation regarding aneurysm presence and age dependency.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although this location needs to be established, it can be hypothesized that a preferential location at the bifurcations of the different arteries exists similar to the rest of the arterial vasculature. 60 With respect to the shape of the arterial lesions, it is expected that when the resolution of intracranial vessel wall imaging is sufficient (≤0.5 mm 3 ), different subtypes of atherosclerotic plaques can be distinguished from complete concentric (around the arterial lumen) to more focal and eccentric on 1 side of the lumen of an intracranial arterial segment. 61 Still, only eccentric atherosclerotic plaques have been observed so far.…”
Section: Nonenhancing Vessel Wall Lesionsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Oscillatory flow with a time-averaged shear stress of zero, characteristic of flow separation points in the arterial branches, upregulates the atherogenic activities of ECs. [23][24][25] Therefore, the characteristics of arterial wall shear stress can influence the recruitment of leukocytes that are fundamental to the initiation of immune responses. 26,27 An emerging hypothesis for atherosclerosis is that oxidative stress induces aberrant behavior of the vascular endothelium.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%