Effect of heart rate on hemodynamics in mitral stenosis

Tsagaris, Theofilos J.; Thorne, Joseph L.

doi:10.1016/0002-8703(70)90400-x

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Rapid atrial pacing has been considered a valid alternative intervention, but this procedure has several disadvantages: An additional catheter for atrial stimulation is necessary and it is less effective than exercise since it does not induce any increase in CO because of a consistent decrease of stroke volume [8,9]. In addition, when atrial fibrillation is present, ventricular pacing has to be performed with its known CO reduction and consequently with its less marked increment in MVF [16, which is easily carried out by means of a bolus of i.v.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When baseline mitral gradient (MG) is low, and valve area is at least moderately reduced, physiological interventions raising heart rate (HR) and cardiac output (CO) should be routinely carried out and the induced changes on MG evaluated. Basically, exertion [5-71 and rapid atrial pacing [8,9] have been used. Such interventions have both advantages and limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hemodynamic evaluation of stenotic cardiac valves: I. Effect of ventriculography and atropine on mitral stenosis

Ángel

Domingo

Soler‐Soler

et al. 1985

Cathet. Cardiovasc. Diagn.

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Mitral area is the parameter used for quantitating mitral stenosis (MS) severity. When mitral gradient (MG) is low and reduction of mitral valve area (MVA) might be critical, interventions presumably increasing mitral valve flow (MVF), such as stress or atrial pacing, have been carried out. The purpose of this study was to analyze in 28 patients the combined effect of left ventriculography (LVG) and intravenous atropine (ATR) in the hemodynamic evaluation of MS. The rationale for combining these two interventions is to add up the ATR-positive chronotropic effect to the LVG potentiation of cardiac output. The LVG plus ATR markedly accelerated heart rate (from 80 +/- 14 to 104 +/- 18 bts/min, P less than 0.001), mildly increased cardiac index (from 2.6 +/- 0.6 to 2.9 +/- 0.6 1/min/m2, P less than 0.05), and importantly increased MVF (from 136 +/- 30 to 172 +/- 46 ml/bt, P less than 0.001). Pulmonary wedge pressure increased (from 14 +/- 5 to 21 +/- 5 mmHg, P less than 0.001) because of an important increment of MG (from 12 +/- 6 to 18 +/- 7 mmHg, P less than 0.001). None of six cases with mild MS (MVA greater than 1.5 cm2) and nine of ten cases with severe MS (MVA less than or equal to 1.0 cm2) had MG after LVG plus ATR greater than 12 mmHg. The remaining case with severe MS and the two cases (out of 12) with moderate MS having MG after LVG plus ATR less than or equal to 12 mmHg had, at surgical evaluation, noncritically reduced MVA. This study shows that LVG plus ATR is a valid and easy intervention for increasing MVF during cardiac catheterization. It also allows the reclassification of patients with low baseline MG and reduced MVA into two subgroups: Cases with critically reduced MVA at surgery achieve a postintervention MG greater than 12 mmHg and those cases with noncritically reduced MVA achieve a postintervention MG less than or equal to 12 mmHg.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%