Effect of Grewia Gum as a Suspending Agent on Ibuprofen Pediatric Formulation

Abstract

The purpose of this work was to evaluate the potential of grewia gum (GG) as a suspending agent in pharmaceutical oral formulation using ibuprofen as model drug. Ibuprofen pediatric suspension (25 mg/5 mL) was formulated with grewia gum (0.5% w/v) as the suspending agent. Similar suspensions of Ibuprofen containing either sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC) or hydroxymethylpropylcellulose (HPMC) were also produced. The suspensions were evaluated for ease of redispersion, sedimentation, rheological properties, and the effect of aging on the rheological properties at 25°C. The particle size and particle size distributions of the dispersed solute were determined. The redispersion time was 19, 11, and 0.5 min, respectively, for formulation containing Na-CMC, HPMC, and GG .The sedimentation volumes were 0.05, 0.05, and 0.125 mL, respectively, for Na-CMC, HPMC, and GG . Viscosities of suspensions at spindle speed of 25 rpm were of the order: GG > HPMC > Na-CMC when freshly prepared and of the order: HPMC > GG > Na-CMC within 6 months of storage. The particles size was 72.72, 73.82, 81.93, and 83.41 μm, respectively, for suspensions containing Na-CMC, ibuprofen alone, HPMC, and GG. Greatest hysteresis was observed in formulation containing HPMC. All the formulations were stable. It was our conclusion that the difference in the physicochemical properties of ibuprofen pediatric formulations was influenced more by the suspending agent used in the formulations than the drug. GG combined better redispersion with minimal changes in viscosity on storage compared to Na-CMC and HPMC as suspending agent. Thus GG may serve as a good suspending agent requiring no further aid in suspension redispersibility.

Grewia (Malvaceae sensu lato): ethnomedicinal uses and future potential

“…Martin et al, (2008) had assessed the binding and compressional property of grewia gum and compared it with the polyvinylpyrrolidon (PVP) and exhibited that grewia gum had higher degree of packing and improved fluidity granules than PVP. Grewia gum obtained from inner stem bark of G. mollis can be used as a suspending agent in oral formulations (Ogaji and Hoag, 2011). Nap and Conway (2010) performed the experiments on the matrix based tablets of grewia gum and cimetidine and found out that grewia gum can control the cimetidine drug release up to 12 hours and showed the importance of grewia gum in controlled drug release.…”

Application of Ipomoea batatas starch as suspending agent in acetaminophen suspension

“…Suspending agents are grouped into three classes: synthetic, semi synthetic and the natural polysaccharides, in which class acacia, tragacanth and starch belong to the latter class (Mbang et al, 2004;Mahmud et al, 2010). The challenge of suspension formulation concerns sedimentation, caking and resuspension (Ogaji and Hoag, 2011). A suspension should not settle rapidly, it should be sufficiently fluid to flow easily under the condition of administration.…”

“…As a suspension is energetically unstable, the particles that have settled tend to interact to form a cake or hard crystalline network. It is required that suspensions are formulated such that caking is minimized and so that the particles that have settled may be readily redispersed upon shaking (Ogaji and Hoag, 2011). In a pharmaceutical suspension, a suspending agent helps the drug stay suspended thereby reducing caking at the bottom of the preparation.…”

“…In a pharmaceutical suspension, a suspending agent helps the drug stay suspended thereby reducing caking at the bottom of the preparation. Consistency of the solute throughout the suspending medium is facilitated with the drug or solute staying suspended in the continuous phase (Ogaji and Hoag, 2011). In recent years, pharmaceutical scientists have been paying increasing attention to the extraction, development and use of starches in the formulation of dosage forms (Garr and Bangudu, 1991;Alebiowu and Itiola, 2003).…”

Effect of pH on the viscosity of grewia mucilage

“…[1][2][3][4][5] The researchers have investigated the suspending, [6] binding, [3] bioadhesive, [4] drug delivery, [7,8] and film coating properties of the gum. The main feature of the gum is the ability to swell and form a gel when in contact with water.…”