Effect of Green Tea on the Level of Salivary Interleukin-1 Beta in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract

Aim. Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is one of the major biomarkers involved in the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in salivary IL-1β concentration in patients with chronic periodontitis following daily consumption of green tea. Methods and Materials. Thirty patients with an average age of 45.8 years suffering from chronic periodontitis were randomly assigned into 2 groups (i.e., experimental and control groups). Besides receiving phase 1 periodontal treatment (scaling and root planning (SRP)), the experimental group drank green tea for a period of 6 weeks. To measure the concentration of salivary IL-1β, saliva samples were taken from both groups at 2 time points, i.e., prior to SRP (time point 1 (T0)) and after 6 weeks (time point 2 (T1)). The nonparametric Wilcoxon test was used to examine and compare the changes in the concentration of salivary IL-1β in each group relevant to the 2 time points (T0 and T1). Data were submitted to statistical analysis. Results. At the end of the study period, a significant reduction ( P = 0.0001 ) in the concentration of salivary IL-1β was observed in the experimental group (A). As for the control group (B), however, there was no significant change ( P = 0.307 ) in the concentration of salivary IL-1β after 6 weeks following phase 1 periodontal treatment. Conclusion. Green tea supplementation, in addition to SRP, may reduce salivary IL-1β levels in patients with chronic periodontitis for a period of 6 weeks.

Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity of natural products in periodontal disease: a comprehensive review

“…Turmeric has been shown to be effective as an adjuvant treatment for PD (Zhang et al, 2022a), reducing gingival indices and sulcus bleeding; however, the results of clinical studies are controversial, with findings ranging from those reporting great efficacy as an adjuvant treatment (Mohammad, 2020) to those considering it completely ineffective (Pérez-Pacheco et al, 2021). Green tea catechin has been shown in vitro, to be effective in the treatment of PD by suppressing specific periodontal infections (Kushiyama et al, 2009), and some clinical investigations have shown its efficiency as an adjuvant therapy for PD (Rezvani et al, 2022). There are few references to the usefulness of peppermint in the treatment of PD, and we only discovered one in vitro study that looked at its antibiofilm potential, in conjunction with a chitosan nanogel (Ashrafi et al, 2019).…”