Effect of global system for mobile communication microwave exposure on the genomic response of the rat brain

Fritze, K.; Wiessner, Christoph; Kuster, Niels; Sommer, Clemens; Gass, Peter; Hermann, Dirk M.; Kiessling, Marika; Hossmann, Konstantin‐Alexander

doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(97)00228-5

Cited by 107 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Even at similarly high SARs (25 or 100 W/kg), Cleary et al [1997] did not see Hsp70 production in CHO or HeLa cells 24 h following exposure to 27 or 2450 MHz radiation. Fritze et al [1997] found a small increase in HSP70 mRNA following a 4 h exposure to $900 MHz GSM signal at 7.5 W/kg SAR, but not at lower SARs. In an experiment designed to mimic magnetic resonance imaging procedures, Guisasola et al [2002] did not find Hsp70 or Hsp27 activation resulting from strong static fields, switched gradients, or RF exposures.…”

Section: Mechanisms: Heat Shock Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 82%

The influence of extremely low frequency magnetic fields on cytoprotection and repair

Robertson

Thomas

Bureau

et al. 2006

Bioelectromagnetics

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Ischemia-reperfusion injuries, such as those suffered from various types of cardiovascular disease, are major causes of death and disability. For relatively short periods of ischemia, much of the damage is potentially reversible and in fact, does not occur until the influx of oxygen during the reperfusion stage. Because of this, there is a window of opportunity to protect the ischemic tissue. Here, we review several mechanisms of protection, such as heat shock proteins, opioids, collateral blood flow, and nitric oxide induction, and the evidence indicating that magnetic fields may be used as a means of providing protection via each of these mechanisms. While there are few studies demonstrating direct protection with magnetic field therapies, there are a number of published reports indicating that electromagnetic fields may be able to influence some of the biochemical systems with protective applications.

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Section: Mechanisms: Heat Shock Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 82%

The influence of extremely low frequency magnetic fields on cytoprotection and repair

Robertson

Thomas

Bureau

et al. 2006

Bioelectromagnetics

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“…Regarding the astroglial response to GSM, the literature is characterized by a high variability, as shown by negative (Fritze et al, 1997;Grafstrom et al, 2008) and positive effects (Ammari et al, 2010;Brillaud et al, 2007;Mausset-Bonnefont et al, 2004). Protocol differences may explain part of this variability, as, GFAP expression can be decreased by stress (Laping et al, 1994).…”

Section: Gsm Exposure and Neuro-immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 900MHz radiofrequency on corticosterone, emotional memory and neuroinflammation in middle-aged rats

Bouji¹,

Lecomte²,

Hode³

et al. 2012

Experimental Gerontology

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. Effects of 900 MHz radiofrequency on corticosterone, emotional memory and neuroinflammation in middle-aged rats. Experimental Gerontology, Elsevier, 2012, 47 (6) ABSTRACTThe widespread use of mobile phones raises the question of the effects of electromagnetic fields (EMF, 900 MHz) on the brain. Previous studies reported increased levels of the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the rat's brain after a single exposure to 900 MHz global system for mobile (GSM) signal, suggesting a potential inflammatory process. While this result was obtained in adult rats, no data is currently available in older animals. Since the transition from middle-age to senescence is highly dependent on environment and lifestyle, we studied the reactivity of middle-aged brains to EMF exposure. We assessed the effects of a single 15 min GSM exposure (900MHz; specific absorption rate (SAR) = 6 W/kg) on GFAP expression in young adults (6 week-old) and middle-aged rats (12 month-old). Brain interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, plasmatic levels of corticosterone (CORT), and emotional memory were also assessed.Our data indicated that, in contrast to previously published work, acute GSM exposure did not induce astrocytes activation. Our results showed an IL-1β increase in the olfactory bulb and enhanced contextual emotional memory in GSM-exposed middle-aged rats, and increased plasmatic levels of CORT in GSM-exposed young adults. Altogether, our data showed an age dependency of reactivity to GSM exposure in neuroimmunity, stress and behavioral parameters. Reproducing these effects and studying their mechanisms may allow a better understanding of mobile phone EMF effects on neurobiological parameters.

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“…The receiving antenna detected harmonics of 1800 and 2700 MHz, but their maximum power levels were respectively 24 and 37 dBm below the 900 MHz signal. The exposure time of 2 h is considered as the usual limit of continuous use of cell phones, and is the time normally employed in acute exposure studies [18].…”

Section: Animals and Experimental Design And Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Set-Up for Measurement of the Power Absorbed From 900 MHZ GSM Standing Waves by Small Animals, Illustrated by Application to Picrotoxin-Treated Rats

López-Martín¹,

Bregáins²,

Jorge-Barreiro³

et al. 2008

PIER

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Abstract-We describe an experimental set-up for exposure of small animals to radiofrequency standing waves that allows direct measurement of the power absorbed by the animal. Essentially, the setup consists of a metallic box containing an antenna and experimental animal immobilized in a methacrylate holder; a signal generator feeding the antenna; and a power meter. In addition, the box can also contain a video camera to record the animal's behaviour, and a receiving antenna (connected externally to a power meter and a spectrum analyser) to detect undesired (external) radiation and possible harmonics of the radiating system. The absorbed power measurement trivially allows calculation of whole-body mean SAR from the animal's weight; and assuming local SARs to be proportional to whole-body mean SAR, the latter can be used to adjust organ-specific SAR predictions obtained by simulation using a commercial FDTD program with a numerical phantom. The use of the system is illustrated by application to rats given subconvulsive doses of picrotoxin to induce a seizure-prone state analogous to epilepsy: levels of the neuronal activity marker c-Fos in the frontal and piriform cortex of picrotoxin-treated rats exposed to 900 MHz GSM radiation were twice as high as those of unexposed animals.

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Effect of global system for mobile communication microwave exposure on the genomic response of the rat brain

Cited by 107 publications

References 63 publications

The influence of extremely low frequency magnetic fields on cytoprotection and repair

The influence of extremely low frequency magnetic fields on cytoprotection and repair

Effects of 900MHz radiofrequency on corticosterone, emotional memory and neuroinflammation in middle-aged rats

An Experimental Set-Up for Measurement of the Power Absorbed From 900 MHZ GSM Standing Waves by Small Animals, Illustrated by Application to Picrotoxin-Treated Rats

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