Effect of geometry on drug release from 3D printed tablets

Goyanes, Álvaro; Martinez, Pamela Robles; Buanz, Asma; Basit, Abdul W.; Gaisford, Simon

doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.04.069

Cited by 555 publications

(367 citation statements)

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“…FDM 3D printing is a thermal based 3D printing technique and has recently attracted the interest of researchers in many fields including pharmaceutical formulations design [1][2][3], food technology [4], and tissue engineering [5]. For pharmaceutical applications, this technique has been identified as holding future promise for developing individualized oral medicines [1][2][3][6][7][8]. FDM 3D printing can play an important role in reducing the complexity of drug regimens through incorporation of multiple drugs into a 'polypill' type of formulations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation into the use of polymer blends to improve the printability of and regulate drug release from pharmaceutical solid dispersions prepared via fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing

Alhijjaj

Belton

2016

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics

230

134

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FDM 3D printing has been recently attracted increasing research efforts towards the production of personalized solid oral formulations. However, commercially available FDM printers are extremely limited with regards to the materials that can be processed to few types of thermoplastic polymers, which often may not be pharmaceutically approved materials nor ideal for optimizing dosage form performance of poor soluble compounds. This study explored the use of polymer blends as a formulation strategy to overcome this processability issue and to provide adjustable drug release rates from the printed dispersions. Solid dispersions of felodipine, the model drug, were successfully fabricated using FDM 3D printing with polymer blends of PEG, PEO and Tween 80 with either Eudragit E PO or Soluplus. As PVA is one of most widely used polymers in FDM 3D printing, a PVA based solid dispersion was used as a benchmark to compare the polymer blend systems to in terms processability. The polymer blends exhibited excellent printability and were suitable for processing using a commercially available FDM 3D printer. With 10% drug loading, all characterization data indicated that the model drug was molecularly dispersed in the matrices.During in vitro dissolution testing, it was clear that the disintegration behavior of the formulations significantly influenced the rates of drug release. Eudragit EPO based blend dispersions showed bulk disintegration; whereas the Soluplus based blends showed the 'peeling' style disintegration of strip-by-strip. The results indicated that interplay of the miscibility between excipients in the blends, the solubility of the materials in the dissolution media and the degree of fusion between the printed strips during FDM process can be used to manipulate the drug release rate of the dispersions. This brings new insight into the design principles of controlled release formulations using FDM 3D printing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation into the use of polymer blends to improve the printability of and regulate drug release from pharmaceutical solid dispersions prepared via fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing

Alhijjaj

Belton

2016

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics

230

134

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“…FDM 3D printing is an attractive platform because it offers mechanically stable 1. Introduction 3 printed structures , with high resolution (30-200 µm) (Goyanes et al, 2015a) and a ready-to-use printed objects from the printer platform with no additional postprocessing steps (Goyanes et al, 2015b;Skowyra et al, 2015). Due to the expiration of patents of this technology and the availability of low cost FDM printers, this technology is likely to be widely utilized by a large number of consumers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The potential of FDM 3D printing incorporating drugs into commercially available filaments (Goyanes et al, 2014a;Goyanes et al, 2014b;Goyanes et al, 2015b;Skowyra et al, 2015) has been explored previously. Nonetheless, all those studies highlighted several challenges involved in employing printing technique for pharmaceutical applications.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, all those studies highlighted several challenges involved in employing printing technique for pharmaceutical applications. The use of elevated temperatures (185-220 • C) and limited drug loading (0.063-9.5% w/w (Goyanes et al, 2014a;Goyanes et al, 2014b;Goyanes et al, 2015b;Skowyra et al, 2015) renders it less suitable for many drugs particularly thermo-labile ones. FDM 3D printing has been also restricted to a number of biodegradable thermoplastic polymers such as polylactic acid (PLA) (Sandler et al, 2014) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (Goyanes et al, 2014a;Goyanes et al, 2014b;Goyanes et al, 2015b;Skowyra et al, 2015) in comparison to a wide variety of choices for conventional tabletting.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FDM 3D printing has been also restricted to a number of biodegradable thermoplastic polymers such as polylactic acid (PLA) (Sandler et al, 2014) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (Goyanes et al, 2014a;Goyanes et al, 2014b;Goyanes et al, 2015b;Skowyra et al, 2015) in comparison to a wide variety of choices for conventional tabletting. Despite the attractive properties of PVA (Morita et al, 2000) and PLA (Hamad et al, 2016), the use of high polymer ratio in combination with the need for high molecular weight of the polymers generates polymeric matrices with limited porosity, thus resulting in extended drug release patterns (Goyanes et al, 2014a;Goyanes et al, 2014b;Goyanes et al, 2015a;Goyanes et al, 2015b;Sandler et al, 2014;Skowyra et al, 2015).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adaptation of pharmaceutical excipients to FDM 3D printing for the fabrication of patient-tailored immediate release tablets

Sadia

Sośnicka

Arafat

et al. 2016

International Journal of Pharmaceutics

268

147

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Abstract*Corresponding author: MAlbedAlhnan@uclan.ac.uk This work aims to employ fused deposition modelling 3D printing to fabricate immediate release pharmaceutical tablets with various model drugs. It investigates the addition of nonmelting filler to methacrylic matrix to facilitate FDM 3D printing and explore the impact of i) the nature of filler, ii) compatibility with the gears of the 3D printer and, and iii) polymer: filler ratio on the 3D printing process. A specially developed filament based on pharmaceutically approved methacrylic polymer (Eudragit E) and thermally stable filler, TCP (tribasic calcium phosphate) was optimised. Four model drugs (with different physicochemical properties were included into ready-to-use mechanically stable tablets with immediate release properties. Amongst the investigated fillers in this work, directly compressible lactose, spray-dried lactose and microcrystalline cellulose showed a level of degradation at 135 o C whilst talc and TCP allowed consistent flow of the filament and a successful 3D printing of the tablet. Following the two thermal processes (hot melt extrusion (HME) and fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printing), drug contents were 94.22%, 88.53%, 96.51% and 93.04% for 5-ASA, captopril, theophylline and prednisolone respectively. XRPD indicated that a fraction of 5-ASA, theophylline and prednisolone remained in the crystalline form whilst captopril was in amorphous form. By combining the advantages of thermally stable pharmaceutically approved polymers and fillers, this unique approach provides a low cost production method for on demand manufacturing of individualised dosage forms.

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Materials for 3D Printing

McDonagh,

Zhang,

2024

3D Printing of Pharmaceutical and Drug Delivery Devices

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Effect of geometry on drug release from 3D printed tablets

Cited by 555 publications

References 20 publications

An investigation into the use of polymer blends to improve the printability of and regulate drug release from pharmaceutical solid dispersions prepared via fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing

An investigation into the use of polymer blends to improve the printability of and regulate drug release from pharmaceutical solid dispersions prepared via fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing

Adaptation of pharmaceutical excipients to FDM 3D printing for the fabrication of patient-tailored immediate release tablets

Materials for 3D Printing

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