Effect of genotype, Cr(III) and Cr(VI) on plant growth and micronutrient status in Silene vulgaris (Moench)

Abstract

Chromium released into the environment from industrial activities has become an important environmental concern. Silene vulgaris has been proven to be tolerant to many heavy metals, so it is considered an interesting species in the revegetation and restoration of polluted soils, but no information is available about its response to Cr. The objective of this work was to study uptake and influence on plant growth of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in six genotypes (four hermaphrodites and two females) of S. vulgaris from different sites of Madrid (Spain). Plants were treated for 12 days with 60 µM of Cr(III) or Cr(VI) in semihydroponics. Dry weights, soil-plant analysis development values (SPAD) reading with chlorophylls and micronutrient and total Cr concentrations were determined. Metal uptake was higher in presence of Cr(VI) than of Cr(III) and poorly translocated to the shoots. In both cases S. vulgaris did not show visual toxicity symptoms, biomass reduction, or differences among SPAD values as consequence of Cr additions. However genotypes SV36 and SV38 showed Fe and Mn imbalance. This is the first report on the relatively good performance of hermaphrodite and female S. vulgaris genotypes in Cr uptake and physiological traits, but further studies will be necessary to elucidate the mechanisms by which the gender may influence these variables. S. vulgaris presented high diversity at genotypic level; the treatment with hexavalent Cr increased the differences among genotypes so the use of cuttings from an homogeneous genotype seems to be an adequate method for the study of this species.

Chromium (VI)-Induced Alterations in Physio-Chemical Parameters, Yield, and Yield Characteristics in Two Cultivars of Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)

“…In this study, high concentration of Cr level (120 µM) resulted in decreases in root, as well as shoot length and biomass of seedlings of both the cultivars (Figure 3), and similar Cr toxicity effects have been observed in Cicer arietinum (Singh et al, 2020) and Vigna radiate (Jabeen et al, 2016). These results indicate a potential interaction of Cr ions with some essential mineral nutrients in soil, and, in turn, reduces their uptake by plants (del Real et al, 2013). The Cr stress-induced decrease in root length in the present study could be because of Cr accumulation in root cells or due to damage of root tip cells, whereas the decrease in shoot length may be due to ultrastructural damage in leaf mesophyll cells, which ultimately results in decreased shoot development.…”

Glycinebetaine mediates chromium tolerance in mung bean through lowering of Cr uptake and improved antioxidant system

“…Similarly, adverse effects of Cr on plant growth and biomass and chlorophyll contents have also been reported in mung bean plants(Rout et al 1997; Bera et al 1999; Samantary 2002; Banerjee et al 2008;Suthar et al 2014). This decrease in plant growth and biomass might be due to increase in metal uptake and decrease in nutrient uptake by the plants under metal stress(Rizwan et al 2012;Pradas-del-Real et al 2013;Keller et al 2015;Khaliq et al 2015). Under Cr stress, reduction in photosynthetic pigments might be due to structural alterations of chloroplast and/or inhibition of gas exchange attributes(Ali et al 2011;Rodriguez et al 2012;Gill et al 2015).…”

Assessment of Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni in Water and Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) Plant from Woji Creek, Rivers State, Nigeria

“…It is toxic to most plants and is detrimental to their growth, they do not possess specific uptake mechanisms in plants unlike essential metals (Shanker et al, 2005). The uptake of Cr (III) in plants is not affected by metabolic inhibitor and research has shown that the rate of uptake of Cr (VI) in plants is higher than that of Cr (III) (Pradas-del-Real et al, 2013). This is because Cr (VI) can easily cross the cell membrane and can be transported with phosphate-sulphate carriers.…”