Effect of Fuels and Domestic Heating Appliance Types on Emission Factors of Selected Organic Pollutants

Šyc, Michal; Horák, Jiří; Hopan, František; Krpec, Kamil; Tomšej, Tomáš; Ocelka, Tomáš; Pekárek, V.

doi:10.1021/es2017945

Cited by 36 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The burner is housed in an uninsulated building and the emission profile variability could be due to effects of outdoor temperature variability on the burner. For example, emission profiles from burning lignite and pyrolysis of bark and other biomass sources have been shown to vary with burn temperature (Hansson et al, 2004;Šyc et al, 2011). Further work to constrain the possible range of EFs generated under different conditions is critical for improving model inputs.…”

Section: Burn Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of gas-phase organics using proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry: fresh and aged residential wood combustion emissions

et al. 2017

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International audienceOrganic gases emitted during the flaming phase of residential wood combustion are characterized individually and by functionality using proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The evolution of the organic gases is monitored during photochemical aging. Primary gaseous emissions are dominated by oxygenated species (e.g., acetic acid, acetaldehyde, phenol and methanol), many of which have deleterious health effects and play an important role in atmospheric processes such as secondary organic aerosol formation and ozone production. Residential wood combustion emissions differ considerably from open biomass burning in both absolute magnitude and relative composition. Ratios of acetonitrile, a potential biomass burning marker, to CO are considerably lower (∼ 0.09 pptv ppbv −1) than those observed in air masses influenced by open burning (∼ 1– 2 pptv ppbv −1), which may make differentiation from background levels difficult, even in regions heavily impacted by residential wood burning. A considerable amount of formic acid forms during aging (∼ 200–600 mg kg −1 at an OH exposure of (4.5–5.5) × 10 7 molec cm −3 h), indicating residential wood combustion can be an important local source for this acid, the quantities of which are currently underestimated in models. Phthalic anhydride, a naphthalene oxidation product, is also formed in considerable quantities with aging (∼ 55–75 mg kg −1 at an OH exposure of (4.5– 5.5) × 10 7 molec cm −3 h). Although total NMOG emissions vary by up to a factor of ∼ 9 between burns, SOA formation potential does not scale with total NMOG emissions and is similar in all experiments. This study is the first thorough characterization of both primary and aged organic gases from residential wood combustion and provides a benchmark for comparison of emissions generated under different burn parameters

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Section: Burn Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of gas-phase organics using proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry: fresh and aged residential wood combustion emissions

et al. 2017

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“…Combustion of hazardous waste and biofuels produces many atmospheric pollutants including reactive trace gases, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and particulate matter (PM) [ 1 , 2 ]. It is estimated that about 40–70% PM is attributed to emissions from combustion and thermal remediation sources [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radical containing combustion derived particulate matter enhance pulmonary Th17 inflammation via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor

et al. 2018

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BackgroundPollutant particles containing environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) are formed during many combustion processes (e.g. thermal remediation of hazardous wastes, diesel/gasoline combustion, wood smoke, cigarette smoke, etc.). Our previous studies demonstrated that acute exposure to EPFRs results in dendritic cell maturation and Th17-biased pulmonary immune responses. Further, in a mouse model of asthma, these responses were enhanced suggesting exposure to EPFRs as a risk factor for the development and/or exacerbation of asthma. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) has been shown to play a role in the differentiation of Th17 cells. In the current study, we determined whether exposure to EPFRs results in Th17 polarization in an AHR dependent manner.ResultsExposure to EPFRs resulted in Th17 and IL17A dependent pulmonary immune responses including airway neutrophilia. EPFR exposure caused a significant increase in pulmonary Th17 cytokines such as IL6, IL17A, IL22, IL1β, KC, MCP-1, IL31 and IL33. To understand the role of AHR activation in EPFR-induced Th17 inflammation, A549 epithelial cells and mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) were exposed to EPFRs and expression of Cyp1a1 and Cyp1b1, markers for AHR activation, was measured. A significant increase in Cyp1a1 and Cyp1b1 gene expression was observed in pulmonary epithelial cells and BMDCs in an oxidative stress and AHR dependent manner. Further, in vivo exposure of mice to EPFRs resulted in oxidative stress and increased Cyp1a1 and Cyp1b1 pulmonary gene expression. To further confirm the role of AHR activation in pulmonary Th17 immune responses, mice were exposed to EPFRs in the presence or absence of AHR antagonist. EPFR exposure resulted in a significant increase in pulmonary Th17 cells and neutrophilic inflammation, whereas a significant decrease in the percentage of Th17 cells and neutrophilic inflammation was observed in mice treated with AHR antagonist.ConclusionExposure to EPFRs results in AHR activation and induction of Cyp1a1 and in vitro this is dependent on oxidative stress. Further, our in vivo studies demonstrated a role for AHR in EPFR-induced pulmonary Th17 responses including neutrophilic inflammation.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12989-018-0255-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Their findings imply that the molecular fingerprint of organic emissions from burning solid fuels depends strongly on the temperature regime under which the fuel was burned. Previous studies that focus on chemical fingerprints of marker species − may fall short in representing combustion appliances compliant with latest emission thresholds due to their rather simple setups, while studies that focus on emissions from coal combustion in modern appliances often do not go into depth regarding chemical fingerprints. ,,, …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies that focus on chemical fingerprints of marker species 39−41 may fall short in representing combustion appliances compliant with latest emission thresholds due to their rather simple setups, while studies that focus on emissions from coal combustion in modern appliances often do not go into depth regarding chemical fingerprints. 23,26,54,55 This study presents off-line and on-line analysis of aerosol emissions from low-maturity coal briquettes burned in a typical European, modern, nonheat retaining single-room heating appliance and evaluate biomass burning markers in the context of the continuum of coalification.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brown Coal and Logwood Combustion in a Modern Heating Appliance: The Impact of Combustion Quality and Fuel on Organic Aerosol Composition

Martens

Czech

Orasche

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Residential heating with solid fuels is one of the major drivers for poor air quality in Central and Eastern Europe, and coal is still one of the major fuels in countries, such as Poland, the Czech Republic, and Hungary. In this work, emissions from a single-room heater fueled with brown coal briquettes (BCBs) and spruce logs (SLs) were analyzed for signatures of inorganic as well as semivolatile aromatic and low-volatile organic constituents. High variations in organic carbon (OC) emissions of BCB emissions, ranging from 5 to 22 mg MJ −1 , were associated to variations in carbon monoxide (CO) emissions, ranging from 900 to 1900 mg MJ −1 . Residential BCB combustion turned out to be an equally important source of levoglucosan, an established biomass burning marker, as spruce logwood combustion, but showed distinct higher ratios to manosan and galactosan. Signatures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons emitted by BCB combustion exhibited defunctionalization and desubstitution with increasing combustion quality. Lastly, the concept of island and archipelago structural motifs adapted from petroleomics is used to describe the fraction low-volatile organic compounds in particulate emissions, where a transition from archipelago to island motifs in relation with decreasing CO emissions was observed in BCB emissions, while emissions from SL combustion exhibited the island motif.

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Effect of Fuels and Domestic Heating Appliance Types on Emission Factors of Selected Organic Pollutants

Cited by 36 publications

References 17 publications

Characterization of gas-phase organics using proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry: fresh and aged residential wood combustion emissions

Characterization of gas-phase organics using proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry: fresh and aged residential wood combustion emissions

Radical containing combustion derived particulate matter enhance pulmonary Th17 inflammation via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor

Brown Coal and Logwood Combustion in a Modern Heating Appliance: The Impact of Combustion Quality and Fuel on Organic Aerosol Composition

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